{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:37:39Z","timestamp":1791949059150,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["803375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["803375"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIO2017-85056-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIO2017-85056-P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-117499RB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117499RB-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Atracci\u00f3n de Talento Program of the Comunidad de Madrid","award":["2016-T1\/BIO-1105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-T1\/BIO-1105"]}]},{"name":"Atracci\u00f3n de Talento Program of the Comunidad de Madrid","award":["2020-5A\/BIO-19726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-5A\/BIO-19726"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010925","name":"UCM","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Juan de la Cierva program","award":["FJC 2020-043017-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FJC 2020-043017-I"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["SFRH\/BD\/144108\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/144108\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal program","award":["RYC-2016-20422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2016-20422"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Regulation of gene expression is a key factor influencing the success of antimicrobial resistance determinants. A variety of determinants conferring resistance against aminoglycosides (Ag) are commonly found in clinically relevant bacteria, but whether their expression is regulated or not is controversial. The expression of several Ag resistance genes has been reported to be controlled by a riboswitch mechanism encoded in a conserved sequence. Yet this sequence corresponds to the integration site of an integron, a genetic platform that recruits genes of different functions, making the presence of such a riboswitch counterintuitive. We provide, for the first time, experimental evidence against the existence of such Ag-sensing riboswitch. We first tried to reproduce the induction of the well characterized aacA5 gene using its native genetic environment, but were unsuccessful. We then broadened our approach and analyzed the inducibility of all AgR genes encoded in integrons against a variety of antibiotics. We could not observe biologically relevant induction rates for any gene in the presence of several\u00a0aminoglycosides. Instead, unrelated antibiotics produced mild but consistently higher increases in expression, that were\u00a0the result of pleiotropic effects. Our findings rule out the riboswitch control of aminoglycoside resistance genes in integrons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T18:05:31Z","timestamp":1660154731000},"page":"8566-8579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The expression of aminoglycoside resistance genes in integron cassettes is not controlled by riboswitches"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6461-2650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Hip\u00f3lito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7462-1860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda-Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0769-2233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8345-0415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Trigo\u00a0da\u00a0Roza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2672-1127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Kieffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1323-4749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ester","family":"Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9983-2880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Jov\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CHU Limoges, RESINFIT, University of Limoges , Limoges , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8999-9417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8552-2956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9\u00a0Antonio","family":"Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022082600063747900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2319","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and its cost: is it possible to reverse resistance","volume":"8","author":"Andersson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. 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