{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:58:04Z","timestamp":1792450684117,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"D1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 ES033155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 ES033155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 ES014065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 ES014065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD; http:\/\/ctdbase.org\/) harmonizes cross-species heterogeneous data for chemical exposures and their biological repercussions by manually curating and interrelating chemical, gene, phenotype, anatomy, disease, taxa, and exposure content from the published literature. This curated information is integrated to generate inferences, providing potential molecular mediators to develop testable hypotheses and fill in knowledge gaps for environmental health. This dual nature, acting as both a knowledgebase and a discoverybase, makes CTD a unique resource for the scientific community. Here, we report a 20% increase in overall CTD content for 17 100 chemicals, 54 300 genes, 6100 phenotypes, 7270 diseases\u00a0and 202 000 exposure statements. We also present CTD Tetramers, a novel tool that computationally generates four-unit information blocks connecting a chemical, gene, phenotype, and disease to construct potential molecular mechanistic pathways. Finally, we integrate terms for human biological media used in the CTD Exposure module to corresponding CTD Anatomy pages, allowing users to survey the chemical profiles for any tissue-of-interest and see how these environmental biomarkers are related to phenotypes for any anatomical site. These, and other webpage visual enhancements, continue to promote CTD as a practical, user-friendly, and innovative resource for finding information and generating testable hypotheses about environmental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T17:16:59Z","timestamp":1663262219000},"page":"D1257-D1262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":951,"title":["Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD): update 2023"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5741-7128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan Peter","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C","family":"Wiegers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin J","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Sciaky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolene","family":"Wiegers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn\u00a0J","family":"Mattingly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"},{"name":"Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC \u00a027695, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010804282394100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D786","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn580","article-title":"Comparative toxicogenomics database: a knowledgebase and discovery tool for chemical-gene-disease networks","volume":"37","author":"Davis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bar034","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/bar034","article-title":"The curation paradigm and application tool used for manual curation of the scientific literature at the comparative toxicogenomics database","volume":"2011","author":"Davis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Database"},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e58201","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058201","article-title":"Text mining effectively scores and ranks the literature for improving chemical-gene-disease curation at the comparative toxicogenomics database","volume":"8","author":"Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bas051","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/bas051","article-title":"Targeted journal curation as a method to improve data currency at the comparative toxicogenomics database","volume":"2012","author":"Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Database"},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160018","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18","article-title":"The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship","volume":"3","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. 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Biotechnol."},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1138","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa891","article-title":"Comparative toxicogenomics database: update 2021","volume":"49","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46524","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046524","article-title":"Ranking transitive chemical-disease inferences using local network topology in the comparative toxicogenomics database","volume":"7","author":"King","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/75556","article-title":"Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology","volume":"25","author":"Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. 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Pharmacol."},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comtox.2019.100094","article-title":"Integration of curated and high-throughut screening data to elucidate environmental influences on disease pathways","volume":"12","author":"Kosnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Toxicol."},{"key":"2023010804282394100_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaa113","article-title":"Leveraging the comparative toxicogenomics databse to fill in knowledge gaps for environmental health: a test case for air pollution-induced cardiovasulcar disease","volume":"177","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. 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