{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:03:50Z","timestamp":1791428630900,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration Astrobiology Program Center for the Origins of Life","award":["80NSSC18K1139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC18K1139"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Magnesium, the most abundant divalent cation in cells, catalyzes RNA cleavage but also promotes RNA folding. Because folding can protect RNA from cleavage, we predicted a \u2018Goldilocks landscape\u2019, with local maximum in RNA lifetime at Mg2+ concentrations required for folding. Here, we use simulation and experiment to discover an innate and sophisticated mechanism of control of RNA lifetime. By simulation we characterized RNA Goldilocks landscapes and their dependence on cleavage and folding parameters. Experiments with yeast tRNAPhe and the Tetrahymena ribozyme P4\u2013P6 domain show that structured RNAs can inhabit Goldilocks peaks. The Goldilocks peaks are tunable by differences in folded and unfolded cleavage rate constants, Mg2+ binding cooperativity, and Mg2+ affinity. Different folding and cleavage parameters produce Goldilocks landscapes with a variety of features. Goldilocks behavior allows ultrafine control of RNA chemical lifetime, whereas non-folding RNAs do not display Goldilocks peaks of protection. In sum, the effects of Mg2+ on RNA persistence are expected to be pleomorphic, both protecting and degrading RNA. In evolutionary context, Goldilocks behavior may have been a selectable trait of RNA in an early Earth environment containing Mg2+ and other metals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T01:27:33Z","timestamp":1680139653000},"page":"3529-3539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Goldilocks and RNA: where Mg2+ concentration is just right"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6639-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Guth-Metzler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Mohyeldin","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NSF\/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6075-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth T","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1198-7707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashleigh","family":"Henning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3220-1694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chieri","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7235-5845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moran","family":"Frenkel-Pinter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904 , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1455-4752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger M","family":"Wartell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0775-2486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer B","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7215-4194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loren Dean","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NASA Center for the Origin of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"NSF\/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"},{"name":"Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA \u00a030332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023052317405471200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-018-9876-2","article-title":"Folding, assembly, and persistence: the essential nature and origins of biopolymers","volume":"86","author":"Runnels","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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