{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:00:49Z","timestamp":1792609249825,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"U.S. National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2054755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2054755"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000861","name":"Burroughs Wellcome Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1020298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1020298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AI173022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AI173022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and\u00a0CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins\u00a0protect bacteria and archaea from their viruses, and anti-CRISPRs (Acrs) are small virus-encoded proteins that inhibit CRISPR-Cas immunity. Over 80 families of Acrs have been described to date; however, only three of these subvert Type III CRISPR-Cas immunity. Type III\u00a0systems employ a complex network of\u00a0Cas\u00a0and accessory nucleases to degrade viral nucleic acids. Here, we discover and characterize AcrIIIA1, the first Type III-A specific anti-CRISPR protein. We demonstrate that AcrIIIA1 binds to Csm2 within the Cas10-Csm effector complex and attenuates Cas10\u2019s DNase activity and second messenger production. Additionally, AcrIIIA1 associates with fragmented t(m)RNAs (acrIIIA1-RNAs), and we show that they co-purify with the Cas10-Csm complex during phage infection. Although the precise role(s) of acrIIIA1-RNAs remain unclear, we found that they bind stably to RNase R, a host-encoded nuclease known to bolster immunity, and RNase R has the capacity to degrade them. Altogether, our results support a model in which AcrIIIA1 and its associated RNAs target both core Cas and accessory nucleases to provide robust protection against Type III CRISPR-Cas immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae1006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T04:25:45Z","timestamp":1731903945000},"page":"13490-13514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["AcrIIIA1 is a protein\u2013RNA anti-CRISPR complex that targets core Cas and accessory nucleases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Lucy","family":"Chou-Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tori\u00a0A","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motaher","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Forrest\u00a0C","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama , 1325 Hackberry Lane,\u00a0 Tuscaloosa , AL\u00a0 35401 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma\u00a0K","family":"Sheriff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama , 1325 Hackberry Lane,\u00a0 Tuscaloosa , AL\u00a0 35401 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbaros","family":"Aslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2395-8900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma","family":"Hatoum-Aslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois , 601 S. Goodwin Avenue,\u00a0 Urbana , IL\u00a0 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024122115443535100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3569","article-title":"An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR\u2013Cas systems","volume":"13","author":"Makarova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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Microbiol."},{"key":"2024122115443535100_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.12.007","article-title":"Anti-CRISPRs go viral\u202f: the infection biology of CRISPR-Cas inhibitors","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2024122115443535100_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1089\/crispr.2018.0043","article-title":"A unified resource for tracking anti-CRISPR names","volume":"1","author":"Bondy-Denomy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cris. 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