{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:57:52Z","timestamp":1789624672420,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"NIA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01-AG000511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01-AG000511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022290","name":"IRP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>What do we mean when we say \u2018gene expression\u2019? In the decades following Crick's 1958 central dogma of molecular biology, whereby genetic information flows from DNA (genes) to RNA (transcripts) to protein (products), we have learned a great deal about DNA, RNA, proteins, and the ensuing phenotypic changes. With the advent of high-throughput technologies (1990s), molecular biologists and computer scientists forged critical collaborations to understand the vast amount of data being generated, rapidly escalating gene expression research to the \u2018omics\u2019 level: entire sets of genes (genomes), transcribed RNAs (transcriptomes), and synthesized proteins (proteomes). However, some concessions came to be made for molecular biologists and computer scientists to understand each other\u2014one of the most prevalent being the increasingly widespread use of \u2018gene\u2019 to mean \u2018RNAs originating from a DNA segment\u2019. This loosening of terminology, we will argue, creates ambiguity and confusion. We propose guidelines to increase precision and clarity when communicating about gene expression, most notably to reserve \u2018gene\u2019 for the DNA template and \u2018transcript\u2019 for the RNA transcribed from that gene. Striving to use perspicuous terminology will promote rigorous gene expression science and accelerate discovery in this highly promising area of biology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T08:13:53Z","timestamp":1726301633000},"page":"10747-10753","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Striving for clarity in language about gene expression"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Ana\u00a0S G","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health , Baltimore , MD 21224 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5439-3434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myriam","family":"Gorospe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health , Baltimore , MD 21224 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101409452215100_B1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Experiments in plan hybridization","author":"Mendel","year":"1866"},{"key":"2024101409452215100_B2","author":"Gene"},{"key":"2024101409452215100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-007-0433-0","article-title":"Discovering DNA: friedrich Miescher and the early years of nucleic acid research","volume":"122","author":"Dahm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. 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