{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:19:19Z","timestamp":1790936359965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32222083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32222083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32270151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bacterial flagella are known for facilitating motility to support nutrient acquisition and predator evasion, but can also serve as receptors for phages. Here, we characterize a dual role of flagella during infection of Yersinia enterocolitica by phage X1: functioning as a conduit for phage DNA entry and as a trigger for bacterial defense. X1 employs a \u201ccontraction-driven\u201d mechanism, using its contractile tail to inject DNA into Yersinia flagella. Unlike other characterized flagellotropic phages that rely exclusively on flagella or less efficiently on secondary surface receptors, X1 can infect cells via lipopolysaccharides with even higher efficiency. Furthermore, certain\u00a0Yersinia strains can detect X1 invasion and activate a flagellum-dependent toxin\u2013antitoxin (Flag-TA) system, which requires the flagellar motor stator proteins MotAB to activate the abortive infection response. Our findings reveal a novel phage infection strategy and uncover a new bacterial defense that are both based on the flagellar machinery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf1203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:06:23Z","timestamp":1764029183000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Battle beyond membrane: flagella as a conduit for phage DNA entry and a trigger for bacterial defense in\n                    <i>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Zijing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun 130062 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Department of Infectious Diseases, , Shaanxi 710061 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Department of Infectious Diseases, , Shaanxi 710061 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3748-5454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuai","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Army Medical University Department of Microbiology, , Chongqing, 400038 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun 130062 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1670-6115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Department of Infectious Diseases, , Shaanxi 710061 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Imperial College London Department of Life Sciences, , London SW7 2AZ ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112419061520600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00626-4","article-title":"Bacterial motility: machinery and mechanisms","volume":"20","author":"Wadhwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev 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