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While the type II IRES of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV, an aphthovirus) has been shown to depend on the oncoprotein ITAF45, also known as Proliferation-Associated 2G4 (PA2G4) or ErbB-3 receptor Binding Protein (EBP1), for in vitro assembly of the 48S pre-initiation complex, some related type II IRESs, such as that of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV, a cardiovirus), can form the initiation complex independently of ITAF45. In this study, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR screen and identified knockouts of PA2G4\/EBP1\/ITAF45 in cells that survive EMCV infection, suggesting an important role for this factor. We show that the p48 isoform of ITAF45, but not the p42 isoform, is crucial for efficient EMCV\/Mengovirus replication and for propagation of replicons in human cell culture. Loss of ITAF45 markedly diminishes EMCV and FMDV IRES activities, which can be rescued by re-expression of ITAF45\u2013p48. Interestingly, cell-free translation assays reveal that EMCV IRES activity is less ITAF45-dependent in vitro, in contrast to FMDV, raising questions about the versatile functions of ITAFs in IRES-driven translation. These findings reveal an isoform-specific function of ITAF45 in supporting cardiovirus infection and provide new insights into the complex regulation of IRES-driven translation, with implications for developing targeted antiviral strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf1281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:17:09Z","timestamp":1761743829000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The p48 isoform of the PA2G4\/EBP1\/ITAF45 oncoprotein is required for the encephalomyocarditis virus IRES-driven translation initiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5982-4405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem S","family":"Kushchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Violetta A","family":"Golovko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia A","family":"Panova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia P","family":"Sukhinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina E","family":"Gladneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis) , Moscow 108819 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandr Y","family":"Krasota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis) , Moscow 108819 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yury Y","family":"Ivin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis) , Moscow 108819 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia V","family":"Poteryakhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vadim I","family":"Agol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119234 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