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Here, we characterize tRNA anticodon stem-loop-like structures in the 5\u2032- and 3\u2032 untranslated regions (UTRs) of the RNA of Mengovirus, a member of the Cardiovirus group in the Picornaviridae family. These RNA elements specifically bind cellular Glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS). Mutation of the conserved CCA motifs in the loops of these GARS binding elements (GBEs) impairs binding, as does deletion of the anticodon binding domain of GARS. Mutation of the 3\u2032-UTR GBE reduces Mengovirus translation early after transfection, independent of viral polymerase activity. The 3\u2032UTR GBE is a stronger GARS binding site, and in reporter RNAs with the Mengovirus 5\u2032- and 3\u2032-UTRs, the 3\u2032UTR GBE strongly contributes to recruitment of translation factors and ribosomes, thereby stimulating translation. In contrast, the 5\u2032UTR GBE is a weaker GARS binding site, but its mutation has a stronger effect on translation. Therefore, we hypothesize that a GARS dimer binds strongly to an \u201canchor\u201d site in the 3\u2032UTR with one monomer, while the other monomer interacts with the 5\u2032UTR to stimulate recruitment of translation factors and ribosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf1451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T12:57:28Z","timestamp":1765025848000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Binding of Glycyl-tRNA synthetase to Mengovirus RNA stimulates translation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Fabian","family":"Dro\u00df","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"G\u00f6dert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selena A","family":"Fuchshuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitar V","family":"Nachev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5320-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitri E","family":"Andreev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry , Moscow 117997 ,","place":["Russia"]},{"name":"Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Inst. of Physico-Chemical Biology , Moscow 119234 ,","place":["Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Fricke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Ritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"European Virus Bioinformatics Center , 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gesche K","family":"Gerresheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simeon","family":"Repp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannic","family":"Noe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Rossbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manja","family":"Marz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"European Virus Bioinformatics Center , 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"FLI Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Leibniz-Gemeinschaft ; 07743 Jena ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Goesmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University , 35392 Giessen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Linne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. for Mass Spectrometry and Element Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg , 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