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STRs are important in the context of CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) genetic disease as expansions of AGGGA repeats within the RFC1 gene are associated with the development of this neurodegenerative disorder. Interestingly, the RFC1 expanded motifs are pentanucleotides that differ from the nonpathogenic AGAAA pentanucleotide motif present in reference genomes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of the mutated pentanucleotide expansion in CANVAS are still unknown. Several groups have shown that DNA and RNA containing AGGGA repeats fold into G-quadruplexes (G4s) under physiological K\u207a conditions. In this study, we reveal a more complex than expected behavior, in which DNA WGGGW motifs (where W is A or T) may adopt different G4 and non-G4 structures depending on sequence, repeat number and ionic conditions. These findings are relevant as they may help explain the genomic instability and pathogenicity specifically associated with AGGGA repeats among the WGGGW motifs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T08:57:09Z","timestamp":1769763429000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pentanucleotide guanine-rich WGGGW repeats, including CANVAS AGGGA repeats, form a variety of noncanonical structures"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris , 91120 Palaiseau cedex ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dehui","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 ,","place":["P.R. 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