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Mammals express two catalytically active enzymes: ADAR1, which is ubiquitously expressed and essential for innate immune homeostasis, and ADAR2, which is enriched in the brain and vascular system. Here, we investigate the ADAR2 interactome and uncover a shared interaction network with ADAR1, including multiple components of the RNA exosome complex, a multi-subunit RNase involved in RNA processing, turnover, and surveillance. The interactions between ADARs and RNA exosome components are nuclear, and resistance to RNase A treatment implies their close proximity. We validated these interactions by immunoprecipitation of both endogenous and epitope-tagged ADAR proteins in multiple cell lines and mapped the interaction interfaces to their dsRNA-binding domains. Exploiting an MS2\u2013MCP tethering system, we show that recruitment of ADAR1 or ADAR2 to the 3\u2032 UTR of a reporter transcript decreases its stability. This decrease in RNA levels was reversed when EXOSC3 was depleted, demonstrating that this destabilizing effect of ADARs on RNA is via the RNA exosome complex. Finally, knockdown of ADARs perturbs rRNA processing, a canonical function of the nuclear exosome, demonstrating a cellular consequence of disrupting ADAR\u2013exosome interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T11:30:16Z","timestamp":1776166216000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ADAR1 and ADAR2 associate with the RNA exosome and modulate RNA stability"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9272-728X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragana","family":"Vuki\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute for Technology at Masaryk University (CEITEC MU) , Building E35, Kamenice 735\/5, 625 00 Brno ,","place":["Czech 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Building E35, Kamenice 735\/5, 625 00 Brno ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salla","family":"Keskitalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki , Viikinkaari 1, 00790 Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8420-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadija","family":"Hajji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute for Technology at Masaryk University (CEITEC MU) , Building E35, Kamenice 735\/5, 625 00 Brno ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanislav","family":"Stejskal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute for Technology at Masaryk University (CEITEC MU) , Building E35, Kamenice 735\/5, 625 00 Brno ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1340-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markku","family":"Varjosalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki , Viikinkaari 1, 00790 Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science & Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7295-6288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis L J","family":"Lafontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNA Molecular Biology, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.\/FNRS), Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Biopark campus , B-6041 Gosselies 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