{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:44:47Z","timestamp":1791884687421,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00449988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00449988"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-21063026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-21063026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-25419288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-25419288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS-R022-D1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS-R022-D1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS-R039-D3-2026-a00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS-R039-D3-2026-a00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Defined DNA lesions are essential substrates for dissecting DNA repair mechanisms, yet existing approaches remain limited in positional flexibility, lesion diversity, efficiency, or compatibility with long and chromatinized DNA. Here, we present CGRID (CRISPR-mediated Gap-based Replacement for Insertion of DNA damage), a programmable strategy for site-specific installation of DNA lesions into long DNA and nucleosomes. CGRID uses paired Cas9 nickases to generate two adjacent nicks, followed by gap formation and replacement with a synthetic lesion-containing oligonucleotide. This design enables easy and efficient insertion of diverse DNA lesions at user-defined positions without pre-engineered nicking sites or substrate redesign. Applied to long \u03bb-DNA, CGRID supports efficient installation of single lesions and internal double-strand breaks at predefined positions, which are challenging to obtain using existing methods. These molecules enable high-throughput single-molecule analysis of diverse repair pathways including base excision repair (BER), nonhomologous end joining, and microhomology-mediated end joining without hydrodynamic force. CGRID further allows efficient site-specific lesion incorporation into nucleosomal DNA, enabling systematic repositioning of damage within a nucleosome. This shows that nucleosome context and lesion orientation strongly influence APE1 incision efficiency. Together, CGRID establishes a broadly applicable platform for programmable DNA damage engineering, bridging biochemical and single-molecule methodologies, and facilitates mechanistic studies of chromatin-dependent genome maintenance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T11:24:32Z","timestamp":1790594672000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CRISPR-mediated gap-based replacement enables site-specific DNA lesion insertion into long DNA and nucleosomes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Youngseo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of biological sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soyeong","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of biological sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of biological sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moonjung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Basic Science Center for Genomic Integrity , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyeongjin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of biological sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8272-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kei-ichi","family":"Takata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Basic Science Center for Genomic Integrity , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of biomedical engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roopesh","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) , Mainz 55128 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungjae","family":"Myung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Basic Science Center for Genomic Integrity , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of biomedical engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5726-9022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ja Yil","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of biological sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Institute for Basic Science Center for Genomic Integrity , Ulsan 44919 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101304473018000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2015.4","article-title":"DNA repair, genome stability and cancer: a historical perspective","volume":"16","author":"Jeggo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22087","article-title":"Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis","volume":"58","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.09.019","article-title":"The DNA damage response: making it safe to play with knives","volume":"40","author":"Ciccia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B4","first-page":"pp. 293","article-title":"DNA curtains for high-throughput single-molecule optical imaging","volume-title":"Methods in Enzymology","author":"Greene","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973314","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.973314","article-title":"Single-molecule fluorescence imaging techniques reveal molecular mechanisms underlying deoxyribonucleic acid damage repair","volume":"10","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772877","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.772877","article-title":"Searching for DNA damage: insights from single molecule analysis","volume":"8","author":"Schaich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1217","article-title":"Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer","volume":"25","author":"Ha","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-026-00556-y","article-title":"Engineering quantum dot surfaces to preserve protein-DNA interactions for single-molecule visualization","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nano Converg"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27331","article-title":"High-throughput single-molecule imaging system using nanofabricated trenches and fluorescent DNA-binding proteins","volume":"117","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8337","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz629","article-title":"Single-molecule visualization reveals the damage search mechanism for the human NER protein XPC-RAD23B","volume":"47","author":"Cheon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1162","article-title":"TonEBP recognizes R-loops and initiates m6A RNA methylation for R-loop resolution","volume":"49","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad1101","article-title":"Direct visualization of replication and R-loop collision using single-molecule imaging","volume":"52","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"gkaf463","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf463","article-title":"XPC-RAD23B enhances UV-DDB binding to DNA to facilitate lesion search in nucleotide excision repair","volume":"53","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2007.111","article-title":"Regulation of DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice","volume":"18","author":"Shrivastav","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09561","article-title":"Single-molecule imaging reveals mechanisms of protein disruption by a DNA translocase","volume":"468","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12333","article-title":"DNA unwinding heterogeneity by RecBCD results from static molecules able to equilibrate","volume":"500","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.08.002","article-title":"Single-molecule imaging reveals how Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 initiates DNA break repair","volume":"67","author":"Myler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0542-7","article-title":"A modular DNA scaffold to study protein\u2013protein interactions at single-molecule resolution","volume":"14","author":"Kostrz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"gkag370","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag370","article-title":"OT-Curtains: an approach for studying protein interactions with DNA ends using optical tweezers and confocal fluorescence microscopy","volume":"54","author":"De\u00a0Bragan\u00e7a","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3074","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211364109","article-title":"Single-molecule imaging reveals target-search mechanisms during DNA mismatch repair","volume":"109","author":"Gorman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5752","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0509723103","article-title":"A base-excision DNA-repair protein finds intrahelical lesion bases by fast sliding in contact with DNA","volume":"103","author":"Blainey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1021\/bi991771m","article-title":"Ultraviolet damage and nucleosome folding of the 5S ribosomal RNA gene","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16330","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16330","article-title":"Structural basis of pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6\u20134) photoproduct recognition by UV-DDB in the nucleosome","volume":"5","author":"Osakabe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2023.168130","article-title":"Structural basis of damaged nucleotide recognition by transcribing RNA polymerase II in the nucleosome","volume":"435","author":"Osumi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13863","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.441444","article-title":"The structural location of DNA lesions in nucleosome core particles determines accessibility by base excision repair enzymes","volume":"288","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1259-3","article-title":"DNA damage detection in nucleosomes involves DNA register shifting","volume":"571","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pp. 55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3373-1","volume-title":"Base Excision Repair Pathway: Methods and Protocols.","author":"Ryan","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8260","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b04063","article-title":"Plug-and-play approach for preparing chromatin containing site-specific DNA modifications: the influence of chromatin structure on base excision repair","volume":"140","author":"Banerjee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15972","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52340-0","article-title":"Acetylation of the histone H3 tail domain regulates base excision repair on higher-order chromatin structures","volume":"9","author":"Banerjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mocell.2025.100224","article-title":"A novel high-throughput single-molecule technique DNA curtain: applications for DNA metabolism","volume":"48","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2021.2242","article-title":"Single-molecule imaging reveals the mechanism underlying histone loading of Schizosaccharomyces pombe AAA+ATPase Abo1","volume":"44","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37507-8","article-title":"Prime editing with genuine Cas9 nickases minimizes unwanted indels","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2507","article-title":"Targeted genome engineering in human cells with the Cas9 RNA\u2013guided endonuclease","volume":"31","author":"Cho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225829","article-title":"A programmable dual-RNA\u2013guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity","volume":"337","author":"Jinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2993","article-title":"Human DNA polymerase \u03b8 grasps the primer terminus to mediate DNA repair","volume":"22","author":"Zahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2006.10.002","article-title":"2-Step purification of the Ku DNA repair protein expressed in Escherichia coli","volume":"52","author":"Hanakahi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Protein Expr Purif"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expression and purification of recombinant histones and nucleosome reconstitution","volume":"119","author":"Luger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2714","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.2714","article-title":"Measuring nucleosome assembly activity in vitro with the nucleosome assembly and quantification (NAQ) assay","volume":"8:","author":"Mattiroli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bio Protoc"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B39","first-page":"e63501","article-title":"Deciphering molecular mechanism of histone assembly by DNA curtain technique","volume":"181","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s40042-020-00031-9","article-title":"A novel high-throughput single-molecule technique: DNA curtain","volume":"78","author":"Cha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Korean Phys Soc"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2023.103612","article-title":"Real-time single-molecule visualization using DNA curtains reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA repair pathways","volume":"133","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15168-1","article-title":"Single molecule analysis reveals monomeric XPA bends DNA and undergoes episodic linear diffusion during damage search","volume":"11","author":"Beckwitt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"gkag479","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag479","article-title":"APE1 coordinates its disordered region and metal cofactors to drive genome surveillance","volume":"54","author":"Lee","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"gkag523","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag523","article-title":"A dynamic search mechanism enables APE1 to identify AP-sites in DNA","volume":"54","author":"DeHart","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.48","article-title":"Non-homologous DNA end joining and alternative pathways to double-strand break repair","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0152-0","article-title":"DNA double-strand break repair-pathway choice in somatic mammalian cells","volume":"20","author":"Scully","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad076","article-title":"DNA polymerase \u03b8-mediated repair of high LET radiation-induced complex DNA double-strand breaks","volume":"51","author":"Yi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-018-0133-6","article-title":"XLF and APLF bind Ku80 at two remote sites to ensure DNA repair by non-homologous end joining","volume":"25","author":"Nemoz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq069","article-title":"Characteristics of DNA-binding proteins determine the biological sensitivity to high-linear energy transfer radiation","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B50","first-page":"pp. 3","article-title":"Preparation of nucleosome core particle from recombinant histones","volume-title":"Methods in enzymology","author":"Luger","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5390","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33057-7","article-title":"Structural basis for APE1 processing DNA damage in the nucleosome","volume":"13","author":"Weaver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2014.05.008","article-title":"Impact of abasic site orientation within nucleosomes on human APE1 endonuclease activity","volume":"766-767","author":"Hinz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4646","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914443107","article-title":"Rotational dynamics of DNA on the nucleosome surface markedly impact accessibility to a DNA repair enzyme","volume":"107","author":"Hinz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7465","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1330328100","article-title":"Suppressed catalytic activity of base excision repair enzymes on rotationally positioned uracil in nucleosomes","volume":"100","author":"Beard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2015.09.011","article-title":"Facilitation of base excision repair by chromatin remodeling","volume":"36","author":"Hinz","year":"2015","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5949","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00376-07","article-title":"ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling is required for base excision repair in conventional but not in variant H2A. Bbd nucleosomes","volume":"27","author":"Menoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0357-3","article-title":"The SWI\/SNF complex in cancer\u2014biology, biomarkers and therapy","volume":"17","author":"Mittal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12709","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705129104","article-title":"Protein roadblocks and helix discontinuities are barriers to the initiation of mismatch repair","volume":"104","author":"Pluciennik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021061","article-title":"New DNA plasmid model for studying DNA mismatch repair response to the G4 structure","volume":"24","author":"Pavlova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0606","article-title":"Mechanism of protein access to specific DNA sequences in chromatin: a dynamic equilibrium model for gene regulation","volume":"254","author":"Polach","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026101304473018000_B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.3531","article-title":"Sequence and position-dependence of the equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites","volume":"296","author":"Anderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Nucleic Acids Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/54\/19\/gkag965\/71897565\/gkag965.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/54\/19\/gkag965\/71897565\/gkag965.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:47:39Z","timestamp":1791881259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/nar\/gkag965\/8913148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkag965","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1048","1362-4962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1048","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-4962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"article-number":"gkag965"}}