{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T22:14:42Z","timestamp":1789856082581,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1023,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The DNA-binding domains (DBDs) of class I steroid receptors\u2014androgen, glucocorticoid, progesterone and mineralocorticoid receptors\u2014recognize a similar cis-element, an inverted repeat of 5\u2032-AGAACA-3\u2032 with a 3-nt spacer. However, these receptors regulate transcription programs that are largely receptor-specific. To address the role of the DBD in and of itself in ensuring specificity of androgen receptor (AR) binding to chromatin in vivo, we used SPARKI knock-in mice whose AR DBD has the second zinc finger replaced by that of the glucocorticoid receptor. Comparison of AR-binding events in epididymides and prostates of wild-type (wt) and SPARKI mice revealed that AR achieves selective chromatin binding through a less stringent sequence requirement for the 3\u2032-hexamer. In particular, a T at position 12 in the second hexamer is dispensable for wt AR but mandatory for SPARKI AR binding, and only a G at position 11 is highly conserved among wt AR-preferred response elements. Genome-wide AR-binding events agree with the respective transcriptome profiles, in that attenuated AR binding in SPARKI mouse epididymis correlates with blunted androgen response in vivo. Collectively, AR-selective actions in vivo rely on relaxed rather than increased stringency of cis-elements on chromatin. These elements are, in turn, poorly recognized by other class I steroid receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]],"date-time":"2014-01-24T01:23:47Z","timestamp":1390526627000},"page":"4230-4240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Androgen receptor uses relaxed response element stringency for selective chromatin binding and transcriptional regulation <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Biswajyoti","family":"Sahu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Pihlajamaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Kerkhofs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Claessens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli A.","family":"J\u00e4nne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland and 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022072908461199900_gkt1401-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90199-X","article-title":"The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade","volume":"83","author":"Mangelsdorf","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2022072908461199900_gkt1401-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12298","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.16.12298","article-title":"Change of specificity mutations in androgen-selective enhancers. 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