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In UVA-irradiated cells, the increase in the mutation frequency in deficient cells included a remarkable contribution of C&amp;gt;T transitions, mainly at potential pyrimidine dimer sites. A strong contribution of C&amp;gt;A transversions, potentially due to oxidized bases, was also observed in non-irradiated XP-V cells, indicating that basal mutagenesis caused by oxidative stress may be related to internal tumours in XP-V patients. The low levels of mutations involving T induced by UVA indicate that pol eta is not responsible for correctly replicating T-containing pyrimidine dimers, a phenomenon known as the \u2018A-rule\u2019. 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