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While effective in alleviating immune-mediated conditions, JAK inhibitors can impair antiviral defences by suppressing interferon (IFN) responses, potentially increasing susceptibility to viral infections. This study investigates the pro-viral mechanism of JAK inhibitors, focusing on baricitinib, across various cell lines, organoids, and viral strains, including a recombinant Rift Valley fever virus, influenza A virus, SARS-CoV-2, and wild-type adenovirus. Our findings demonstrate that baricitinib suppresses transcription of IFN-stimulated genes in non-infected cells, which is triggered by type I IFNs produced by infected cells, facilitating viral propagation. The pro-viral effect\u00a0was\u00a0influenced by viral load, inhibitor concentration, and structural characteristics of the compound. These results underscore the dual effects of JAK inhibitors: reducing inflammation while potentially exacerbating viral infections. Additionally, the findings highlight opportunities to leverage JAK inhibitors for viral research, vaccine production, and drug screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/narmme\/ugaf017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T23:26:32Z","timestamp":1746228392000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["JAK inhibitors remove innate immune barriers facilitating viral propagation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Erlend","family":"Ravlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), , 7028\u00a0 Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-482X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandr","family":"Ianevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Clinical 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