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Clinical trials to investigate whether psychedelic substances can treat psychiatric conditions are now underway, yet less discussion gravitates around their use in neurological disorders due to brain injury. One suggested implementation of brain-complexity enhancing psychedelics is to treat people with post-comatose disorders of consciousness (DoC). In this article, we discuss the rationale of this endeavour, examining possible outcomes of such experiments by postulating the existence of an optimal level of complexity. We consider the possible counterintuitive effects of both psychedelics and DoC on the functional connectivity of the default mode network and its possible impact on selfhood. We also elaborate on the role of computational modelling in providing complementary information to experimental studies, both contributing to our understanding of the treatment mechanisms and providing a path towards personalized medicine. Finally, we update the discourse surrounding the ethical considerations, encompassing clinical and scientific values.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nc\/niae025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T09:25:11Z","timestamp":1716197111000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Psychedelics and disorders of consciousness: the current landscape and the path forward"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8537-2123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Cardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Li\u00e8ge , Avenue de l\u2019h\u00f4pital 11, Li\u00e8ge 4000,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Centre du Cerveau2, University Hospital of Li\u00e8ge , Avenue de l\u2019h\u00f4pital 11, Li\u00e8ge 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