{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T14:11:01Z","timestamp":1768745461535,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"108th Annual Meeting of the US and Canadian Academy of Pathology","award":["#1586"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1586"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001881"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Some renal biopsies cannot distinguish minimal change disease (MCD) from primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) because of inadequate sampling and\/or a lack of sampled glomeruli with segmental sclerosis. As protein excretion in MCD has been described as being albumin-selective, we examined whether the ratio of immunoglobulin G (IgG)\/albumin staining in protein reabsorption droplets (tPRD) might help distinguish MCD from FSGS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Frozen tissue from 144 native renal biopsies from patients with nephrotic syndrome and a diagnosis of MCD or FSGS [73 MCD, 30 FSGS tip variant (FSGS-tip), 38 FSGS-not otherwise specified (FSGS-NOS), 3 FSGS collapsing] was retrospectively stained by direct immunofluorescence for IgG and albumin; none of these samples showed diagnostic lesions of FSGS. IgG and albumin staining of tPRD were graded on a scale of 0 to 3+ based on the distribution and intensity of staining.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean (standard deviation) IgG\/albumin staining ratios were 0.186 \u00b1 0.239 for MCD, 0.423 \u00b1 0.334 for FSGS-tip (P\u2009=\u20090.0001 versus MCD) and 0.693 \u00b1 0.297 for FSGS-NOS (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001 versus MCD; P\u2009=\u20090.0001 versus FSGS-tip). Of 84 biopsies with a ratio \u22640.33, 63 (75%) showed MCD, whereas among 21 with a ratio of 1.0, all but one showed FSGS (15 FSGS-NOS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In summary, IgG\/albumin staining in tPRD was correlated with histologic diagnosis in renal biopsies with MCD and FSGS. A ratio of \u22640.33 was associated with MCD, whereas a ratio of 1.0 was most often seen with FSGS-NOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T20:10:48Z","timestamp":1581624648000},"page":"1016-1022","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Immunoglobulin G\/albumin staining in tubular protein reabsorption droplets in minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lihong","family":"Bu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Mirocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Core, Research Institute and General Clinical Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021052809000578100_gfaa039-B1","first-page":"F374","article-title":"Heteroporous model of glomerular size selectivity: application to normal and nephrotic humans","volume":"249","author":"Deen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2021052809000578100_gfaa039-B2","first-page":"199","article-title":"Glomerular anionic sites in minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis","volume":"40","author":"Kitano","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"2021052809000578100_gfaa039-B3","first-page":"F900","article-title":"Megalin\/gp330 mediates uptake of albumin in renal proximal tubule","volume":"271","author":"Cui","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2021052809000578100_gfaa039-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010050492","article-title":"Cubilin is essential for albumin reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule","volume":"21","author":"Amsellem","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021052809000578100_gfaa039-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00205.x","article-title":"Proteinuria selectivity index based upon alpha 2-macroglobulin or IgM is superior to the IgG based index in differentiating glomerular diseases. 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