{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T08:43:13Z","timestamp":1792485793520,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is a rare condition characterized by the development of a peri-aortic and peri-iliac tissue showing chronic inflammatory infiltrates and pronounced fibrosis. Ureteral entrapment with consequent obstructive uropathy is one of the most common complications of IRF, which can lead to acute renal failure and, in the long term, to varying degrees of chronic kidney disease. IRF may be isolated or develop in association with autoimmune diseases (e.g. Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and psoriasis) and other fibro-inflammatory disorders (often within the spectrum of immunoglobulin G4-related disease), which suggests that it should be considered as a potentially systemic condition. IRF is an immune-mediated disease: genetic variants (e.g. human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*03) and environmental agents (mainly exposure to asbestos and smoking) are strongly associated with an increased risk of developing the disease, while a complex network of chemokines (e.g. CXCL12 and C-C moti chemokine 11 (CCL11)) and cytokines [e.g. interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12 and IL-13] is likely to orchestrate the inflammatory response and simultaneously promote fibrosis. Glucocorticoids, alone or in combination with traditional immunosuppressants such as methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil, are usually efficacious and promptly induce disease remission; however, up to 50% of patients relapse, thus requiring repeat immunosuppressive courses. Biologic drugs, namely rituximab, are being explored for the treatment of IRF. In addition to medical therapies, interventional procedures (mainly ureteral stenting) are required to relieve ureteral obstruction, whereas surgical ureterolysis is generally reserved to refractory cases. If appropriately treated, then the overall and renal prognosis of IRF are good, with &amp;lt;5% patients developing end-stage renal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T16:12:41Z","timestamp":1585325561000},"page":"1773-1781","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: an update for nephrologists"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Raglianti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deptartment of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni M.","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Vaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deptartment of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy"},{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68035-5","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"367","author":"Vaglio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.06.045","article-title":"A large-scale genetic analysis reveals an autoimmune origin of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"142","author":"Martorana","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.08.006","article-title":"Association between idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and autoimmune thyroiditis: a case-control study","volume":"14","author":"Ceresini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-016-1599-z","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and its overlap with IgG4-related disease","volume":"12","author":"Rossi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-018-0789-2","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis: an update","volume":"20","author":"Palmisano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3629","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis: a review of clinical features and imaging findings","volume":"191","author":"Cronin","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16100-X","article-title":"Asbestos exposure as a risk factor for retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"363","author":"Uibu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181afc439","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis: the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic presentation","volume":"88","author":"Scheel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.3109\/00365599.2012.747564","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis: single-centre experience from 1992 to 2010, current status of knowledge and review of the international literature","volume":"47","author":"Gomez Garcia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand J Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1580-6","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF): clinical features of 61 cases and literature review","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181afc420","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: prospective evaluation of incidence and clinicoradiologic presentation","volume":"88","author":"van Bommel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.8.681","article-title":"The pathology of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"23","author":"Mitchinson","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(81)90118-0","article-title":"Demostration of immunoglobulin in the neighbourhood of advanced atherosclerotic plaqeus","volume":"38","author":"Parums","year":"1981","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-009-1288-6","article-title":"Autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipid profile in patients with chronic periaortitis: case-control study","volume":"31","author":"van Bommel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B15","first-page":"250","article-title":"The clinical significance of retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"81","author":"Koep","year":"1977","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1086\/433189","article-title":"Tuberculosis as a trigger of retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"41","author":"Greco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.77.2.133","article-title":"Presence of asbestos bodies in organs other than the lung","volume":"77","author":"Auerbach","year":"1980","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-2648","article-title":"Asbestos and smoking as risk factors for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case-control study","volume":"161","author":"Goldoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21698","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis and HLA-DRB1*03: another clue to an autoimmune origin","volume":"55","author":"Martorana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80715-7","article-title":"Familial retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"22","author":"Doolin","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B21","article-title":"Serum antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ceroid in chronic periaortitis","volume":"114","author":"Parums","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev225","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis with thoracic aorta and epiaortic artery involvement: a systemic large vessel vasculitis","volume":"54","author":"Palmisano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328341137d","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis: a large-vessel vasculitis?","volume":"23","author":"Vaglio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002427","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis","volume":"72","author":"Corradi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1107782","article-title":"Pivotal advance: Th-1 cytokines inhibit, and Th-2 cytokines promote fibrocyte differentiation","volume":"83","author":"Shao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Leuk Biol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38032","article-title":"Interleukin-6 as an inflammatory mediator and target of therapy in chronic periaortitis","volume":"65","author":"Vaglio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs408","article-title":"Eotaxin\/CCL11 in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"27","author":"Mangieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.1.419","article-title":"Regulated production of type I collagen and inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood fibrocytes","volume":"160","author":"Chesney","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41024","article-title":"Fibrocytes in chronic periaortitis. A novel link between inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"71","author":"Nicastro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.04.020","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: long-term risk and predictors of relapse","volume":"74","author":"Raffiotta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2018.1497700","article-title":"Long-term outcomes and predictors of a large cohort of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis patients: a retrospective study","volume":"48","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0663","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a retrospective review of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes","volume":"86","author":"Kermani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-019-01759-w","article-title":"Risk factors for relapse and long-term outcome of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"23","author":"Moriconi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2017.58.5.371","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis-clinical presentation and outcome analysis from urological perspective","volume":"58","author":"Jadhav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig Clin Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.160226","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis: a retrospective review of clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Labidi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1159\/000357814","article-title":"Tamoxifen monotherapy in the treatment of retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"93","author":"Brandt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.5.1300","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14","author":"Okada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.07.013","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis: evolving concepts","volume":"33","author":"Vaglio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00274.x","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis after surgery for aortic aneurysm in a patient withperiarteritis nodosa: successful treatment with corticosteroids","volume":"228","author":"Hautekeete","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-007-2045-9","article-title":"Systemic extrapancreatic lesions associated with autoimmune pancreatitis","volume":"42","author":"Ohara","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000145517.83972.40","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis: a spectrum of diseases","volume":"17","author":"Vaglio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00056-1","article-title":"Evidence of autoimmunity in chronic periaortitis: a prospective study","volume":"114","author":"Vaglio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2006.03.011","article-title":"Autoimmune aspects of chronic periaortitis","volume":"5","author":"Vaglio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00693","article-title":"Clinical and prognostic significance of serum IgG4 in chronic periaortitis. An analysis of 113 patients","volume":"10","author":"Maritati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14131565","article-title":"Role of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the differentiation of benign retroperitoneal fibrosis from malignant neoplasm: preliminary study","volume":"272","author":"Bakir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e31826b1c1d","article-title":"Malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis: MRI characteristics in 50 patients","volume":"91","author":"Mirault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.334125081","article-title":"Chronic fibrosing conditions in abdominal imaging","volume":"33","author":"George","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1282-5","article-title":"Imaging appearance of fibrosing diseases of the retroperitoneum: can a definitive diagnosis be made","volume":"43","author":"Cohan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21074","article-title":"Positron emission tomography (PET): evaluation of chronic periaortitis","volume":"53","author":"Salvarani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2144-6","article-title":"The value of (18)F-FDG PET\/CT in the assessment of active idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"39","author":"Moroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.10.046","article-title":"Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis, treatment stratification, and monitoring of patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis: a prospective clinical study","volume":"71","author":"Fernando","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2010.02.008","article-title":"18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose position emission tomography (FDGPET) for monitoring disease activity and treatment response in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"21","author":"Jansen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.09.024","article-title":"[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and response to therapy in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"73","author":"Accorsi Buttini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B54","first-page":"231","article-title":"Post-treatment residual tissue in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: active residual disease or silent \u201cscar\u201d? A study using 18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography","volume-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol","author":"Vaglio","year":"2005"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2009.02.004","article-title":"Clonal status and clinicopathological feature of Erdheim-Chester disease","volume":"205","author":"Gong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2015.05.001","article-title":"Consensus statement on surgical pathology of the aorta from the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology and the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology: inflammatory diseases","volume":"24","author":"Stone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2005.01214.x","article-title":"Laparoscopic ureterolysis for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Okumura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c213","DOI":"10.1159\/000119715","article-title":"Successful use of steroids and ureteric stents in 24 patients with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a retrospective study","volume":"108","author":"Fry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.06.029","article-title":"Percutaneous nephrostomy versus indwelling ureteral stents in the management of extrinsic ureteral obstruction in advanced malignancies: are there differences","volume":"64","author":"Ku","year":"2004","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015101110","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"27","author":"Vaglio","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh326","article-title":"Chronic periaortitis","volume":"43","author":"Jois","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12234","article-title":"Efficacy and complications of urinary drainage procedures in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis complicated by extrinsic ureteral obstruction","volume":"21","author":"Mertens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1996.4983","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor is the major angiogenic factor in omentum: mechanism of the omentum-mediated angiogenesis","volume":"67","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06210.x","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: the case for nonsurgical treatment","volume":"98","author":"Ilie","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800750625","article-title":"Non-operative management of retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"75","author":"Higgins","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60934-3","article-title":"Prednisone versus tamoxifen in patients with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: an open-label randomised controlled trial","volume":"378","author":"Vaglio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.02.268","article-title":"Long-term renal and patient outcome in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis treated with prednisone","volume":"49","author":"van Bommel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B68","author":"Vaglio","year":"30 ( 2019, )."},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl228","article-title":"Long-term outcome of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis treated with surgical and\/or medical approaches","volume":"21","author":"Moroni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP70172","article-title":"A paraneoplastic retroperitoneal fibrosis resistant to corticosteroids treated with tamoxifen","volume":"70","author":"Costanzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2012.11.010","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of a tamoxifen-based treatment strategy for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"van Bommel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-2-200601170-00007","article-title":"Tamoxifen therapy for nonmalignant retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"144","author":"van Bommel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200148","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide is a highly effective and safe induction therapy in chronic periaortitis: a long-term follow-up of 35 patients with chronic periaortitis","volume":"71","author":"Binder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.08.033","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapy for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a retrospective analysis of 26 cases","volume":"116","author":"Marcolongo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.14712\/23362936.2016.3","article-title":"Combination of steroids and azathioprine in the treatment of Ormond\u2019s disease - a single centre retrospective analysis","volume":"117","author":"Pr\u016fcha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prague Med Rep"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203267","article-title":"Methotrexate plus prednisone in patients with relapsing idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"72","author":"Alberici","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel417","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance of remission in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"46","author":"Jois","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-154-1-201101040-00005","article-title":"Combined prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil treatment for retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case series","volume":"154","author":"Scheel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201166","article-title":"Rituximab therapy for chronic periaortitis","volume":"71","author":"Maritati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B80","first-page":"776","article-title":"Efficacy of infliximab in a patient with refractory idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"30","author":"Catanoso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B81","first-page":"231","article-title":"Retroperitoneal fibrosis","volume":"60","author":"van Bommel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"2021092718222750800_gfaa083-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2013.11.006","article-title":"Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a multicentric retrospective study of 30 French cases and follow-up of the renal function","volume":"35","author":"Gallais S\u00e9r\u00e9zal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/36\/10\/1773\/40448962\/gfaa083.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/36\/10\/1773\/40448962\/gfaa083.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T02:26:47Z","timestamp":1695954407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/36\/10\/1773\/5917177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa083","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]}}}