{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T04:01:22Z","timestamp":1792555282793,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dialysis patients are typically inactive and their physical activity (PA) decreases over time. Uremic toxicity has been suggested as a potential causal factor of low PA in dialysis patients. Post-dilution high-volume online hemodiafiltration (HDF) provides greater higher molecular weight removal and studies suggest better clinical\/patient-reported outcomes compared with hemodialysis (HD).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HDFIT was a randomized controlled trial at 13 clinics in Brazil that aimed to investigate the effects of HDF on measured PA (step counts) as a primary outcome. Stable HD patients (vintage 3\u201324\u2009months) were randomized to receive HDF or high-flux HD. Treatment effect of HDF on the primary outcome from baseline to 3 and 6\u2009months was estimated using a linear mixed-effects model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We randomized 195 patients (HDF 97; HD 98) between August 2016 and October 2017. Despite the achievement of a high convective volume in the majority of sessions and a positive impact on solute removal, the treatment effect HDF on the primary outcome was +538 [95% confidence interval (CI) \u2212330 to 1407] steps\/24\u2009h after dialysis compared with HD, and was not statistically significant. Despite a lack of statistical significance, the observed size of the treatment effect was modest and driven by steps taken between 1.5 and 24.0\u2009h after dialysis, in particular between 20 and 24\u2009h (+197 steps; 95%\u00a0CI \u221295 to 488).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HDF did not have a statistically significant treatment effect on PA 24\u2009h following dialysis, albeit effect sizes may be clinically meaningful and deserve further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T03:26:18Z","timestamp":1592882778000},"page":"1057-1070","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Effect of hemodiafiltration on measured physical activity: primary results of the HDFIT\u00a0randomized controlled 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Louren\u00e7o","family":"Cuvello-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Beatriz Lesqueves","family":"Barra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila Bezerra","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimul","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Research Institute, New York, NY,\u00a0USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murilo","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, PR, 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