{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T21:37:43Z","timestamp":1778276263333,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean Society for Transplantation 2016"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bisphosphonates are administered to post-transplantation patients with mineral and bone disorders; however, the association between bisphosphonate therapy and long-term renal graft survival remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This nested case\u2013control study investigated the effects of bisphosphonates on long-term graft outcomes after kidney transplantation. We enrolled 3836 kidney transplant recipients treated from April 1979 to June 2016 and matched patients with graft failure to those without (controls). Annual post-transplant bone mineral density assessments were performed and recipients with osteopenia or osteoporosis received bisphosphonate therapy. The associations between bisphosphonate use and long-term graft outcomes and graft survival were analyzed using conditional logistic regression and landmark analyses, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A landmark analysis demonstrated that death-censored graft survival was significantly higher in bisphosphonate users than in non-users in the entire cohort (log-rank test, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). In the nested case\u2013control matched cohort, bisphosphonate users had a significantly reduced risk of graft failure than did non-users (odds ratio = 0.38; 95% confidence interval 0.30\u20130.48). Bisphosphonate use, increased cumulative duration of bisphosphonate use &amp;gt;1\u2009year and increased cumulative bisphosphonate dose above the first quartile were associated with a reduced risk of graft failure, after adjustments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bisphosphonates may improve long-term graft survival in kidney transplant recipients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T21:13:39Z","timestamp":1608153219000},"page":"722-729","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of bisphosphonates on long-term kidney transplantation outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Seung Hwan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoon Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ha Yan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung Mo","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeon Joo","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myoung Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soon I I","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu Seun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu Ha","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beom Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912023412303","article-title":"Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant","volume":"341","author":"Wolfe","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V123589","article-title":"Survival in recipients of marginal cadaveric donor kidneys compared with other recipients and wait-listed transplant candidates","volume":"12","author":"Ojo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03283.x","article-title":"Long-term renal allograft survival in the United States: a critical reappraisal","volume":"11","author":"Lamb","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00515.x","article-title":"Long-term renal allograft survival: have we made significant progress or is it time to rethink our analytic and therapeutic strategies?","volume":"4","author":"Meier-Kriesche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00332.x","article-title":"Lack of improvement in renal allograft survival despite a marked decrease in acute rejection rates over the most recent era","volume":"4","author":"Meier-Kriesche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003023420901","article-title":"Improved graft survival after renal transplantation in the United States, 1988 to 1996","volume":"342","author":"Hariharan","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000087092.53894.80","article-title":"Prevention of bone loss in renal transplant recipients: a prospective, randomized trial of intravenous pamidronate","volume":"14","author":"Coco","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199810270-00007","article-title":"Treatment of osteopenia and osteoporosis after kidney transplantation","volume":"66","author":"Grotz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.t01-1-00890.x","article-title":"Pamidronate therapy as prevention of bone loss following renal transplantation","volume":"57","author":"Fan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00816.x","article-title":"Zoledronic acid to prevent bone loss in the first 6 months after renal transplantation","volume":"63","author":"Haas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1271530","article-title":"Effect of ibandronate on bone loss and renal function after kidney transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Grotz","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2018060656","article-title":"A randomized trial of zoledronic acid to prevent bone loss in the first year after kidney transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Marques","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000209","article-title":"The divergent roles of macrophages in solid organ transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Salehi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200311000-00014","article-title":"Systemic depletion of macrophages by liposomal bisphosphonates reduces neointimal formation following balloon-injury in the rat carotid artery","volume":"42","author":"Danenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2010.03.009","article-title":"Macrophages and kidney transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Chadban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-017-1470-1","article-title":"Impact of monocyte-macrophage inhibition by ibandronate on graft function and survival after kidney transplantation: a single-centre follow-up study over 15 years","volume":"22","author":"Tillmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90012-4","article-title":"Liposome mediated depletion of macrophages: mechanism of action, preparation of liposomes and applications","volume":"174","author":"Van Rooijen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016050573","article-title":"Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition contributes to interstitial fibrosis in chronic renal allograft injury","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2018.02.037","article-title":"Clinical significance of macrophage polarization in antibody-mediated rejection of renal allograft","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14625","article-title":"The Banff 2017 kidney meeting report: revised diagnostic criteria for chronic active T cell-mediated rejection, antibody-mediated rejection, and prospects for integrative endpoints for next-generation clinical trials","volume":"18","author":"Haas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002366","article-title":"A 2018 reference guide to the Banff classification of renal allograft pathology","volume":"102","author":"Roufosse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01688.x","article-title":"Banff \u201805 meeting report: differential diagnosis of chronic allograft injury and elimination of chronic allograft nephropathy (\u2018CAN')","volume":"7","author":"Solez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv269","article-title":"Performance of disease risk score matching in nested case-control studies: a simulation study","volume":"183","author":"Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.12.007","article-title":"Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"45","author":"Palmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl104","article-title":"Effects of bisphosphonates on bone loss in the first year after renal transplantation\u2013a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"21","author":"Mitterbauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.07.001","article-title":"Bisphosphonates: how do they work?","volume":"22","author":"Papapoulos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.11.036","article-title":"Effect of pamidronate on bone loss after kidney transplantation: a randomized trial","volume":"53","author":"Walsh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2012.04233.x","article-title":"A 1-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of intravenous ibandronate on bone loss following renal transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Smerud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B30","year":"2011"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.227","article-title":"Oral bisphosphonate use in the elderly is not associated with acute kidney injury","volume":"82","author":"Shih","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh504","article-title":"Pamidronate used to attenuate post-renal transplant bone loss is not associated with renal dysfunction","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108106","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108106","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and safety of pamidronate therapy on bone mass density in early post-renal transplant period: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B34","first-page":"3505","article-title":"Prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats treated with subconjunctival injections of liposomes containing dichloromethylene diphosphonate","volume":"35","author":"Van der Veen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199609150-00002","article-title":"Influence of macrophage depletion on bacterial translocation and rejection in small bowel transplantation","volume":"62","author":"Fryer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199812150-00002","article-title":"Evidence that macrophages are required for T-cell infiltration and rejection of fetal pig pancreas xenografts in nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"66","author":"Fox","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3089.1999.00031.x","article-title":"The effect of macrophage depletion on delayed xenograft rejection: studies in the guinea pig-to-C6-deficient rat heart transplantation model","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Xenotransplantation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000023532.98469.48","article-title":"Macrophage depletion by clodronate-containing liposomes reduces neointimal formation after balloon injury in rats and rabbits","volume":"106","author":"Danenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0b013e32834ee5b6","article-title":"Macrophages: contributors to allograft dysfunction, repair, or innocent bystanders?","volume":"17","author":"Mannon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.957951","article-title":"Landmark analysis at the 25-year landmark point","volume":"4","author":"Dafni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19961230)15:24<2797::AID-SIM290>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"On the relationship between response to treatment and survival time","volume":"15","author":"Buyse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Statist Med"},{"key":"2021033008563229300_gfaa371-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13517","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13517","article-title":"Vitamin D as a risk factor for patient survival after kidney transplantation; a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Thorsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa371\/36154119\/gfaa371.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/36\/4\/722\/36788705\/gfaa371.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/36\/4\/722\/36788705\/gfaa371.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T16:54:09Z","timestamp":1670259249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/36\/4\/722\/6047010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa371","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]}}}