{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:55:41Z","timestamp":1788994541404,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) have an increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a reduced response to vaccines. Data are needed to identify immune correlates of protection in this population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Following a COVID-19 outbreak among vaccinated patients in a HD unit, clinical data and serological response to BNT162b2 vaccine were retrospectively recorded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 53 patients present in the dialysis room, 14 were infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) alpha variant (COVID_Pos) and 39 were not. Compared with uninfected patients, COVID_Pos patients more frequently had additional causes of immunosuppression (50%\u00a0versus 21%; P\u00a0=\u00a0.046) and were more often scheduled on the Monday\u2013Wednesday\u2013Friday (MWF) shift (86%\u00a0versus 39%; P\u00a0=\u00a0.002). Moreover, COVID_Pos had lower anti-spike (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titres than uninfected patients {median 24 BAU\/mL [interquartile range (IQR) 3\u20131163] versus 435 [99\u20132555]; P\u00a0=\u00a0.001} and lower neutralization titres [median 108 (IQR 17\u2013224) versus 2483 (481\u201343\u00a0908); P\u00a0=\u00a0.007]. Anti-S and neutralization antibody titres are correlated (r\u00a0=\u00a00.92, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001). In multivariable analysis, an MWF schedule {odds ratio [OR] 10.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9\u201393.5], P\u00a0=\u00a0.014} and anti-S IgG titres 1 month before the outbreak [&amp;lt;205 BAU\/mL: OR 0.046 (95% CI 0.002\u20130.29), P\u00a0=\u00a0.006] were independently associated with COVID-19 infection. None of the patients with anti-S IgG &amp;gt;284 BAU\/mL got infected. Ten of 14 COVID_Pos patients were treated with casirivimab and imdevimab. No patient developed severe disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti-S IgG titre measured prior to exposure correlates to protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in HD patients. BNT162b2 vaccination alone or in combination with monoclonal antibodies prevented severe COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T12:12:10Z","timestamp":1643285530000},"page":"1357-1365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["COVID-19 outbreak in vaccinated patients from a haemodialysis unit: antibody titres as a marker of protection from infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8045-1658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idris","family":"Boudhabhay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie et Transplantation r\u00e9nale, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Serris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aude","family":"Servais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie et Transplantation r\u00e9nale, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Planas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus and Immunity Unit , Paris , France"},{"name":"Vaccine Research Institute , Creteil , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie et Transplantation r\u00e9nale, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Guery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie et Transplantation r\u00e9nale, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perrine","family":"Parize","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Paris , Paris , 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