{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:03:29Z","timestamp":1793639009246,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":171,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined by a rapid increase in serum creatinine levels, reduced urine output or both. Death may occur in 16\u201349% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit with severe AKI. Complex arrhythmias are a potentially serious complication in AKI patients with pre-existing or AKI-induced heart damage and myocardial dysfunction, with fluid overload, especially electrolyte and acid\u2013base disorders, representing the pathogenetic mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis. Cardiac arrhythmias, in turn, increase the risk of poor renal outcomes, including AKI. Arrhythmic risk in AKI patients receiving kidney replacement treatment may be reduced by modifying dialysis\/replacement fluid composition. The most common arrhythmia observed in AKI patients is atrial fibrillation. Severe hyperkalaemia, sometimes combined with hypocalcaemia, causes severe bradyarrhythmias in this clinical setting. Although the likelihood of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias is reportedly low, the combination of cardiac ischaemia and specific electrolyte or acid\u2013base abnormalities may increase this risk, particularly in AKI patients who require kidney replacement treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The purpose of this review is to summarize the available epidemiological, pathophysiological and prognostic evidence aiming to clarify the complex relationships between AKI and cardiac arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T21:56:57Z","timestamp":1656712617000},"page":"1097-1112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The conundrum of the complex relationship between acute kidney injury and cardiac arrhythmias"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4699-4149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simonetta","family":"Genovesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Nephrology Clinic , Monza , Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Regolisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica e Immunologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria e Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3424-1588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru","family":"Burlacu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute and \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine , Iasi , Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Covic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis, and Renal Transplant Center, \u2018C.I. Parhon\u2019 University Hospital and \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine , Iasi , Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0360-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Combe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie Transplantation Dialyse Aph\u00e9r\u00e8se, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux and Unit\u00e9 INSERM 1026, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandip","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford Road , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8152-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Basile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associazione Nefrologica Gabriella Sebastio , Martina Franca , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The EuDial Working Group of ERA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bartolucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00710113","article-title":"World incidence of AKI: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Susantitaphong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury","volume":"2","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury Work Group.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int Supp"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60126-X","article-title":"International Society of Nephrology's 0by25 initiative for acute kidney injury (zero preventable deaths by 2025): a human rights case for nephrology","volume":"385","author":"Mehta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr4639","article-title":"Experimental cardiorenal syndrome type 3: what is known so far?","volume":"14","author":"Patschan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2016.02.007","article-title":"Immediate consequences of acute kidney injury: the impact of traditional and nontraditional complications on mortality in acute kidney injury","volume":"23","author":"Faubel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.09.053","article-title":"Strategies for the optimal timing to start renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury","volume":"91","author":"Bagshaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R225","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11872","article-title":"Severe hyperkalemia requiring hospitalization: predictors of mortality","volume":"16","author":"An","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04750514","article-title":"AKI complications in critically ill patients: association with mortality rates and RRT","volume":"10","author":"Lib\u00f3rio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01555-5","article-title":"Hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease in the new era of kidney protection therapies","volume":"81","author":"Valdivielso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00617-y","article-title":"Management of hyperkalemia in patients with kidney disease: a position paper endorsed by the Italian Society of Nephrology","volume":"32","author":"Bianchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-94946-3","article-title":"Mortality and predictors of acute kidney injury in adults: a hospital-based prospective observational study","volume":"11","author":"Abebe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1053\/ajem.2000.7344","article-title":"Electrocardiographic manifestations of hyperkalemia","volume":"18","author":"Mattu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)89197-7","article-title":"Atypical electrocardiographic changes in severe hyperkalemia","volume":"77","author":"Yu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6107(02)00006-8","article-title":"An analytical study of the physiology and pathology of the propagation of cardiac action potentials","volume":"78","author":"Hinch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1114\/1.1308489","article-title":"Mathematical simulation of slowing of cardiac conduction velocity by elevated extracellular","volume":"28","author":"Nygren","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(86)90174-5","article-title":"Hyperkalemia: ECG manifestations and clinical considerations","volume":"4","author":"Dittrich","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2019-0056","article-title":"Altered K+ current profiles underlie cardiac action potential shortening in hyperkalemia and \u03b2-adrenergic stimulation","volume":"97","author":"Hegyi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1806","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01170.2010","article-title":"Ionic mechanisms of electrophysiological properties and repolarization abnormalities in rabbit Purkinje fibers","volume":"300","author":"Corrias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31086-0","article-title":"Arrhythmias in patients with drug toxicity, electrolyte, and endocrine disturbances","volume":"68","author":"Commerford","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.19.1.74","article-title":"Recognising signs of danger: ECG changes resulting from an abnormal serum potassium concentration","volume":"19","author":"Webster","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2018.06.018","article-title":"Electrocardiographic manifestations of severe hyperkalemia","volume":"51","author":"Littmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(05)81476-3","article-title":"The ability of physicians to predict hyperkalemia from the ECG","volume":"20","author":"Wrenn","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.9.1639","article-title":"Electrocardiography is unreliable in detecting potentially lethal hyperkalaemia in haemodialysis patients","volume":"17","author":"Aslam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7376.1346","article-title":"Misleading electrocardiographic results in patient with hyperkalaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis","volume":"325","author":"Moulik","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198905000-00005","article-title":"Tall T waves during metabolic acidosis without hyperkalemia: a prospective study","volume":"17","author":"Dreyfuss","year":"1989","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(99)90020-1","article-title":"Severe hyperkalemia with minimal electrocardiographic manifestations: a report of seven cases","volume":"32","author":"Martinez-Vea","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-019-02217-x","article-title":"Electrocardiographic T wave alterations and prediction of hyperkalemia in patients with acute kidney injury","volume":"15","author":"Regolisti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.2020.1792214","article-title":"Impact of rhabdomyolysis on outcomes of hospitalizations for heat stroke in the United States","volume":"48","author":"Thongprayoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hosp Pract"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2021.09.007","article-title":"Tumor lysis syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Barbar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004","article-title":"Dysregulated mineral metabolism in AKI","volume":"39","author":"Leaf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.01.017","article-title":"Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous kidney replacement therapy with calcium-containing solutions: a cohort study","volume":"78","author":"Rhee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00510113","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a citrate-based protocol for sustained low-efficiency dialysis in AKI using standard dialysis equipment","volume":"8","author":"Fiaccadori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2017.08.002","article-title":"Cardiac rhythm disturbances in hemodialysis patients: early detection using an implantable loop recorder and correlation with biological and dialysis parameters","volume":"4","author":"Sacher","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1159\/000515985","article-title":"Hypocalcemia-induced QT interval prolongation","volume":"147","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0736(89)90026-5","article-title":"Hypocalcemic torsades de pointes","volume":"22","author":"Akiyama","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2013.840568","article-title":"QT interval prolongation and the risk of Torsades de Pointes: essentials for clinicians","volume":"29","author":"Trinkley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2015.1044970","article-title":"Renal risk associated with sodium phosphate medication: safe in healthy individuals, potentially dangerous in others","volume":"14","author":"Hoffmanov\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.5414\/CN110345","article-title":"A case of extreme hyperphosphatemia due to sodium phosphate enemas successfully treated with sustained low efficiency dialysis","volume":"95","author":"Di Mario","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00648-5","article-title":"Hypophosphatemia in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury on renal replacement therapies","volume":"32","author":"Pistolesi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfab078","article-title":"Hypophosphatemia in cancer patients","volume":"14","author":"Adhikari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/13.6.1547","article-title":"Ifosfamide-induced renal Fanconi syndrome with associated nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in an adult patient","volume":"13","author":"Negro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197710272971702","article-title":"Effect of hypophosphatemia on myocardial performance in man","volume":"297","author":"O'Connor","year":"1977","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00779","article-title":"Electrolyte disorders induced by antineoplastic drugs","volume":"10","author":"Verzicco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.07.012","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors and the kidney: implications of current evidence for clinical practice and when and how to deprescribe","volume":"75","author":"Al-Aly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00864-4","article-title":"Prevention of hypomagnesemia in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury on continuous kidney replacement therapy: the role of early supplementation and close monitoring","volume":"34","author":"Di Mario","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2015.1057471","article-title":"Admission hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia increase the risk of acute kidney injury","volume":"37","author":"Cheungpasitporn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/107424849700200206","article-title":"Antiarrhythmic and arrhythmogenic actions of varying levels of extracellular magnesium: possible cellular basis for the differences in the efficacy of magnesium and lidocaine in torsade de pointes","volume":"2","author":"Takanaka","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib48","first-page":"233","article-title":"Electrolyte disorders and arrhythmogenesis","volume":"18","author":"El-Sherif","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022950321817","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia","volume":"4","author":"Topf","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2019.04.006","article-title":"Emergency department management of acute kidney injury, electrolyte abnormalities, and renal replacement therapy in the critically ill","volume":"37","author":"Co","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.5301\/ijao.5000509","article-title":"Effect of metabolic acidosis on QT intervals in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"39","author":"Yenigun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.201110658","article-title":"Influence of pH on Ca2+ current and its control of electrical and Ca2+ signaling in ventricular myocytes","volume":"138","author":"Saegusa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gen Physiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00586901","article-title":"Changes in the interstitial pH of dog myocardium in response to local ischemia, hypoxia, hyper- and hypocapnia, measured continuously by means of glass microelectrodes","volume":"329","author":"Gebert","year":"1971","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2021.105038","article-title":"Analysis of vulnerability to reentry in acute myocardial ischemia using a realistic human heart model","volume":"141","author":"Carpio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1974.11713789","article-title":"Electrolytes and the electrocardiogram","volume":"55","author":"Surawicz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000114579.56430.E0","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of atrial fibrillation in a surgical intensive care unit","volume":"32","author":"Seguin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.5935\/1678-9741.20130073","article-title":"Incidence of stroke and acute renal failure in patients of postoperative atrial fibrillation after myocardial revascularization","volume":"28","author":"Barbieri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1939049","article-title":"In-hospital acute kidney injury and atrial fibrillation: incidence, risk factors, and outcome","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3005","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003005","article-title":"The association of acute kidney injury and atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery in an asian prospective cohort study","volume":"95","author":"Ng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.12.003","article-title":"Relation of contrast induced nephropathy to new onset atrial fibrillation in acute coronary syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Raposeiras Roub\u00edn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1615","article-title":"Incident stroke and mortality associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized with severe sepsis","volume":"306","author":"Walkey","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4108","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184108","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and clinical outcomes in a cohort of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and chronic kidney disease","volume":"10","author":"Genovesi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000752","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000752","article-title":"Bedside tool for predicting the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: the POAF score","volume":"3","author":"Mariscalco","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004509","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004509","article-title":"National trends and impact of acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis in hospitalizations with atrial fibrillation","volume":"5","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1159\/000380903","article-title":"Incidence of adverse events during continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"39","author":"Akhoundi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.12.010","article-title":"New-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute kidney injury on continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"62","author":"Shawwa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euab163","article-title":"New-onset atrial fibrillation in critically ill acute kidney injury patients on renal replacement therapy","volume":"24","author":"Hellman","year":"2022","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.12.130","article-title":"Renal replacement therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: rate of use, clinical predictors and relationship with in-hospital mortality","volume":"230","author":"Marenzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib69","first-page":"989","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies","volume":"82","author":"Sandroni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.2021.1931234","article-title":"Acute kidney injury and cardiac arrest in the modern era: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Prasitlumkum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hosp Pract"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2015.30.6.802","article-title":"Shock duration after resuscitation is associated with occurrence of post-cardiac arrest acute kidney injury","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340101002","article-title":"Acute renal failure after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"27","author":"Domanovits","year":"2001","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0900-2","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after cardiac arrest","volume":"19","author":"Tujjar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3848-4","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: risk factors and prognosis in a large cohort","volume":"41","author":"Geri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2011.11.030","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after cardiac arrest","volume":"83","author":"Chua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1956538","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after in-hospital cardiac arrest in a predominant internal medicine and cardiology patient population: incidence, risk factors, and impact on survival","volume":"43","author":"Patyna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.01.039","article-title":"The influence of prolonged temperature management on acute kidney injury after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a post hoc analysis of the TTH48 trial","volume":"151","author":"Strand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2013.03.037","article-title":"Renal dysfunction is common following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"84","author":"Yanta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.06.284","article-title":"Long term renal recovery in survivors after OHCA","volume":"141","author":"Jamme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2822-x","article-title":"Renal replacement therapy is independently associated with a lower risk of death in patients with severe acute kidney injury treated with targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030444","article-title":"Prognostic effect of underlying chronic kidney disease and renal replacement therapy on the outcome of patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide observational study","volume":"58","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1159\/000380903","article-title":"Incidence of adverse events during continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"39","author":"Akhoundi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.08.168","article-title":"Syndrome of bradycardia, renal failure, atrioventricular nodal blockers, shock, and hyperkalemia (BRASH syndrome): a new clinical entity?","volume":"156","author":"Sohal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233825","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-233825","article-title":"BRASH syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Srivastava","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2020.05.001","article-title":"BRASH syndrome: bradycardia, renal failure, AV blockade, shock, and hyperkalemia","volume":"59","author":"Farkas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.2.669","article-title":"The independent association of renal dysfunction and arrhythmias in critically ill patients","volume":"122","author":"Soman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012010037","article-title":"CKD and sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches","volume":"23","author":"Whitman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.5935\/0101-2800.20170033","article-title":"Ventricular arrhythmia in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"39","author":"Bonato","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bras Nefrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.1011","article-title":"Ventricular arrhythmia after cardiac surgery: incidence, predictors, and outcomes","volume":"60","author":"El-Chami","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12257","article-title":"Drug-induced long QT syndrome and fatal arrhythmias in the intensive care unit","volume":"58","author":"Beitland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318232db4a","article-title":"High prevalence of corrected QT interval prolongation in acutely ill patients is associated with mortality: results of the QT in Practice (QTIP) Study","volume":"40","author":"Pickham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.08.225","article-title":"Hemodialysis causing recurrent premature ventricular contraction triggered ventricular fibrillation in uremic cardiomyopathy","volume":"158","author":"Mumtaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1159\/000449260","article-title":"Asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a pilot study","volume":"7","author":"Oliveira Bastos Bonato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2012.10.005","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome in critical care: the acute cardiorenal and renocardiac syndromes","volume":"20","author":"Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612","article-title":"2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC","volume":"42","author":"Hindricks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux373","article-title":"Antiarrhythmic drugs-clinical use and clinical decision making: a consensus document from the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacology, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy (ISCP)","volume":"20","author":"Dan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-4762-6.00022-9","article-title":"22 - Management of cardiac arrhythmias","author":"Holt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oh's Intensive Care Manual"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1177\/089719002237256","article-title":"Status of hemodialysis of drugs in 2002","volume":"15","author":"Matzke","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib99","author":"Ashley","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Renal Drug Handbook"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/107424840100600202","article-title":"Importance of QT interval determination and renal function assessment during antiarrhythmic drug therapy","volume":"6","author":"Reiffel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.4022\/jafib.2047","article-title":"Safety of twice daily sotalol in patients with renal impairment: a single center, retrospective review","volume":"11","author":"Rabatin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Atr Fibrillation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P355","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3418","article-title":"Clearance of Sotalol on continuous venovenous haemofiltration","volume":"9","author":"Roberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib103","first-page":"328","volume":"31","author":"Subedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flecainide toxicity in renal failure"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euv202","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease in patients with cardiac rhythm disturbances or implantable electrical devices: clinical significance and implications for decision making-a position paper of the European Heart Rhythm Association endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society and the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"17","author":"Boriani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab008","article-title":"Risk of over-anticoagulation during acute kidney injury in patients treated with vitamin K antagonists","volume":"37","author":"S\u00fcfling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib106","first-page":"110","article-title":"Dabigatran overdose secondary to acute kidney injury and amiodarone use","volume":"126","author":"Fountzilas","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euab065","article-title":"2021 European heart rhythm association practical guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"23","author":"Steffel","year":"2021","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e125","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000665","article-title":"2019 AHA\/ACC\/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons","volume":"140","author":"January","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1510991","article-title":"Andexanet alfa for the reversal of factor Xa inhibitor activity","volume":"373","author":"Siegal","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv316","article-title":"2015 ESC guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)","volume":"36","author":"Priori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(84)90175-3","article-title":"Pharmacology, electrophysiology, and pharmacokinetics of mexiletine","volume":"107","author":"Woosley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib112","first-page":"668","article-title":"The BRASH syndrome, a synergistic arrhythmia phenomenon","volume":"33","author":"Grigorov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2020.05.001","article-title":"BRASH syndrome: bradycardia, renal failure, AV blockade, shock, and hyperkalemia","volume":"59","author":"Farkas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib114","first-page":"85","article-title":"Acute kidney injury: definition, pathophysiology and clinical phenotypes","volume":"37","author":"Makris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102629","article-title":"Ventricular arrhythmias in ischemic cardiomyopathy-new avenues for mechanism-guided treatment","volume":"10","author":"Amoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1267860","article-title":"Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in interventional radiology practice","volume":"27","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib117","first-page":"127","article-title":"Ultra-low contrast coronary angiography and zero-contrast percutaneous coronary intervention for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: step-by-step approach and review","volume":"15","author":"Sacha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Postepy Kardiol Interwencyjnej"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c179","DOI":"10.1159\/000339789","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury","volume":"120","author":"Khwaja","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000546","article-title":"Continuous renal replacement therapy: individualization of the prescription","volume":"24","author":"Haines","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e195418","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.5418","article-title":"Association of net ultrafiltration rate with mortality among critically ill adults with acute kidney injury receiving continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration: a secondary analysis of the randomized evaluation of normal vs augmented level (RENAL) of renal replacement therapy trial","volume":"2","author":"Murugan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2163-1","article-title":"Net ultrafiltration intensity and mortality in critically ill patients with fluid overload","volume":"22","author":"Murugan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2104090","article-title":"Extracorporeal kidney-replacement therapy for acute kidney injury","volume":"386","author":"Gaudry","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2017.11.018","article-title":"Effect of frequent dialysis on renal recovery: results from the Acute Renal Failure Trial Network Study","volume":"3","author":"Vijayan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10499","article-title":"Clinical review: use of renal replacement therapies in special groups of ICU patients","volume":"16","author":"Hoste","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/0391398820952801","article-title":"Intermittent hemodiafiltration as a down-step transition therapy in patients with acute kidney injury admitted to intensive care unit who initially underwent continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration","volume":"44","author":"Scherer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-011-0112-x","article-title":"Severe acute hypophosphatemia during renal replacement therapy adversely affects outcome of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury","volume":"45","author":"Schiffl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00806.x","article-title":"Cardiac arrest and sudden death in dialysis units","volume":"60","author":"Karnik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.315","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors associated with sudden cardiac arrest within hemodialysis clinics","volume":"79","author":"Pun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm730","article-title":"Patients with complex arrhythmias during and after haemodialysis suffer from different regimens of potassium removal","volume":"23","author":"Santoro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq042","article-title":"Alterations of atrial electrophysiology induced by electrolyte variations: combined computational and P-wave analysis","volume":"12","author":"Severi","year":"2010","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut346","article-title":"Recurrent intradialytic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: hypotheses on onset mechanisms based on clinical data and computational analysis","volume":"16","author":"Vincenti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib132","first-page":"25","article-title":"Cardiac arrhythmias in patients on maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"52","author":"Erem","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-100100879","article-title":"Cardiac arrhythmias and silent myocardial ischemia during hemodialysis","volume":"22","author":"Narula","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000446","article-title":"Characteristics of sudden death in hemodialysis patients","volume":"69","author":"Bleyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib135","first-page":"1138","article-title":"ECG abnormalities in hemodialysis","volume":"134","author":"Lorincz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib136","first-page":"240","article-title":"QT interval prolongation in the patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"49","author":"Suzuki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V101160","article-title":"QT dispersion before and after hemodialysis","volume":"10","author":"Morris","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200310000-00020","article-title":"Dynamic QT interval analysis in uraemic patients receiving chronic haemodialysis","volume":"21","author":"Genovesi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1159\/000073440","article-title":"Electrocardiographic changes during hemodiafiltration with different potassium removal rates","volume":"21","author":"Severi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.356","article-title":"Effect of a new model of hemodialysis potassium removal on the control of ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"50","author":"Redaelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12738","article-title":"Dialysate potassium concentration: Should mass balance trump electrophysiology?","volume":"31","author":"Pun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.09.015","article-title":"Dialysate potassium, serum potassium, mortality, and arrhythmia events in hemodialysis: results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)","volume":"69","author":"Karaboyas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-021-03016-0","article-title":"Prolongation of QTc interval at the beginning and during dialysis is associated with hypervolemia and calcium and magnesium change in the first 2 h","volume":"54","author":"Bozaci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00062.x","article-title":"QTc dispersion increases during hemodialysis with low-calcium dialysate","volume":"57","author":"N\u00e4ppi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun028","article-title":"Electrolyte concentration during haemodialysis and QT interval prolongation in uraemic patients","volume":"10","author":"Genovesi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10000912","article-title":"Dialysate calcium concentration and the risk of sudden cardiac arrest in hemodialysis patients","volume":"8","author":"Pun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz182","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients: different causes and management strategies","volume":"36","author":"Genovesi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus412","article-title":"A case series of chronic haemodialysis patients: mortality, sudden death, and QT interval","volume":"15","author":"Genovesi","year":"2013","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh661","article-title":"The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients","volume":"20","author":"Heguil\u00e9n","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.5301\/jn.5000036","article-title":"Dialysate bath and QTc interval in patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis: pilot study of single dialysis effects","volume":"25","author":"Di Iorio","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0754-4","article-title":"Continuous renal replacement therapy: a worldwide practice survey. The Beginning and Ending Supportive Therapy for the Kidney (B.E.S.T. Kidney) Investigators","volume":"33","author":"Uchino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4542","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004542","article-title":"Electrolyte and mineral disturbances in septic acute kidney injury patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"95","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01280214","article-title":"Regional citrate anticoagulation for RRTs in critically ill patients with AKI","volume":"9","author":"Morabito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2317-9","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in liver failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199401000-00014","article-title":"Ventricular tachycardia in acute myocardial infarction: the role of hypophosphatemia","volume":"87","author":"Ognibene","year":"1994","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5049\/EBP.2014.12.1.19","article-title":"Association between hypophosphatemia and cardiac arrhythmias in the early stage of sepsis: could phosphorus replacement treatment reduce the incidence of arrhythmias?","volume":"12","author":"Schwartz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Electrolyte Blood Press"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-232","article-title":"Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration with a low citrate dose regional anticoagulation protocol and a phosphate-containing solution: effects on acid-base status and phosphate supplementation needs","volume":"14","author":"Morabito","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000453443","article-title":"Preventing continuous renal replacement therapy-induced hypophosphatemia: an extended clinical experience with a phosphate-containing solution in the setting of regional citrate anticoagulation","volume":"44","author":"Pistolesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880202500605","article-title":"Continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration or hemofiltration: impact on calcium, phosphate and magnesium concentrations","volume":"25","author":"Morimatsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib160","first-page":"274","article-title":"Magnesium flux during continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration with heparin and citrate anticoagulation","volume":"14","author":"Brain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Resusc"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib161","first-page":"349512","article-title":"A retrospective review of the use of regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration for critically ill patients","volume":"2013","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Res Pract"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000440972","article-title":"Ionized magnesium and regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"41","author":"Zakharchenko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-018-0291-y","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia in critically ill patients","volume":"6","author":"Hansen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Intensive Care"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00875.x","article-title":"Dialysate magnesium level and blood pressure","volume":"66","author":"Kyriazis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1159\/000360011","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia in hemodialysis patients: role of proton pump inhibitors","volume":"39","author":"Alhosaini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw048","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Upala","year":"2016","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.47102\/Annals-acadmedsg.20208","article-title":"Survival and predictors of mortality in acute kidney injury patients treated with sustained low efficiency dialysis","volume":"49","author":"Phongphitakchai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.060002777.x","article-title":"Sustained low-efficiency dialysis for critically ill patients requiring renal replacement therapy","volume":"60","author":"Marshall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac159","article-title":"Hypophosphatemia in critically ill patients undergoing sustained low-efficiency dialysis with standard dialysis solutions","author":"Di Mario","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00314","article-title":"Simulation of the effects of extracellular calcium changes leads to a novel computational model of human ventricular action potential with a revised calcium handling","volume":"11","author":"Bartolucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2023050410461970100_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.15420\/aer.2018.71.2","article-title":"Introducing vernakalant into clinical practice","volume":"8","author":"Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfac210\/45253680\/gfac210.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/38\/5\/1097\/50194893\/gfac210.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/38\/5\/1097\/50194893\/gfac210.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T11:29:36Z","timestamp":1683199776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/38\/5\/1097\/6626029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"references-count":171,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfac210","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]}}}