{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T17:15:13Z","timestamp":1794330913095,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>While opportunistic infections are a frequent and challenging problem in kidney transplant recipients, their long-term epidemiology remains hardly known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opportunistic infections were recorded in 1144 recipients transplanted in our center between 2004 and 2015. Incidence rates and baseline risk factors were determined using joint frailty models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a median follow-up of 5.6 years, 544 opportunistic infections occurred in 373\/1144 (33%) patients, dominated by viral infections (396\/544, 72%), especially cytomegalovirus (CMV) syndromes and diseases (213\/544, 39%). One-third of the infected patients experienced at least two opportunistic infections. The incidence of opportunistic infections was 10 times higher during the first year post-transplantation than after that (34.7 infections for 100 patient-years vs 3.64). Opportunistic infections associated with the age of the donor (P\u00a0=\u00a0.032), the age of the recipient (P\u00a0=\u00a0.049), the CMV serostatus (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a010\u22126), a higher class II HLA mismatch (P\u00a0=\u00a0.032) and an induction treatment including rabbit anti-thymocyte globulins (P\u00a0=\u00a0.026). Repeated opportunistic infections associated with each other (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a010\u22126) and with renal death (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a010\u22126).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opportunistic infections occur with a two-period incidence pattern and many susceptible patients suffer from repeated episodes. This knowledge may help tailor new prevention and follow-up strategies to reduce the burden of opportunistic infections and their impact on transplantation outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T05:42:58Z","timestamp":1693892578000},"page":"627-636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Trends in epidemiology and risk factors of opportunistic infections in kidney transplant recipients between 2004 and 2017"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Pfirmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie, Transplantation, Dialyse et Aph\u00e9r\u00e8ses, CHU de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Garrigue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , 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