{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:46:47Z","timestamp":1789602407888,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82273654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82273654"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7222247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7222247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2705101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2705101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2705101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2705101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) is the leading cause of childhood-onset chronic kidney disease and kidney failure, comprehensive information on the disease burden among children and adolescents globally is lacking. We aim to report the trends and socioeconomic inequality of CAKUT burden for people aged 0\u201324 years from 1990 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reported the prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for CAKUT based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, quantified the association of disease burden and socio-demographic index (SDI), and calculated the slope index of inequality, the relative index of inequality and concentration index.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2019, the global prevalence, mortality and DALYs of CAKUT among individuals aged 0\u201324 years were 167.11 (95% confidence interval 166.97, 167.25), 0.30 (0.29, 0.30) and 32.22 (32.16, 32.29), respectively, per 100\u00a0000 population. The greatest prevalence, mortality and DALYs were recorded in the 0\u20134\u00a0years age group. The greatest mortality and DALYs were recorded in low SDI countries and territories. During 1990 to 2019, the prevalence, mortality and DALYs decreased globally, while in low and low-middle countries and territories the reduction was much less slower. India, Nigeria and Pakistan had the highest DALYs. Saudi Arabia and China exhibited a markedly decrease of CAKUT burden. Globally for every 0.1 increase in SDI, there was a 20.53% reduction in mortality and a 16.31% decrease in DALYs, but a 0.38% rise in prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inequality for disease burden of varying SDI was increasing globally. Thus, specific preventive and health service measures are needed to reduce the global burden from CAKUT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfae115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T02:21:19Z","timestamp":1716517279000},"page":"484-494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Trends and socioeconomic inequality of the burden of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract among children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2776-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guohua","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvind","family":"Bagga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinyere Ukamaka","family":"Onubogu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka ,","place":["Nigeria"]},{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital , Nnewi ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William E","family":"Smoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nianzhou","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Valley Children's Healthcare , Madera, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3180-8697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianxin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Asghar","family":"Lanewala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation , Karachi ,","place":["Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Gyung","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zeeshan","family":"Waheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungkyo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"395","author":"GBD Chronic Kidney Disease Collaboration","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet North Am Ed"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet North Am Ed"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31694-5","article-title":"Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories","volume":"392","author":"Foreman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet North Am Ed"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30063-6","article-title":"Mortality risk disparities in children receiving chronic renal replacement therapy for the treatment of end-stage renal disease across Europe: an ESPN-ERA\/EDTA registry analysis","volume":"389","author":"Chesnaye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet North Am Ed"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib5","volume-title":"USRDS Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States","author":"United States Renal Data System","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-021-02383-1","article-title":"Analysis of chronic kidney disease among national hospitalization data with 14 million children","volume":"22","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr556","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in children in Serbia","volume":"27","author":"Peco-Antic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302400","article-title":"The demographic characteristics of children with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 in South East England over a 5-year period","volume":"98","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib9","first-page":"508","article-title":"[Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in Spanish pediatric population. REPIR II Project]","volume":"30","author":"Areses Trapote","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1181-2","article-title":"Frequency, etiology and treatment of childhood end-stage kidney disease in Australia and New Zealand","volume":"24","author":"Orr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib11","article-title":"Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development","author":"United Nations","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h4414","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h4414","article-title":"Towards a new global strategy for women's, children's and adolescents\u2019 health","volume":"351","author":"Temmerman","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib13","article-title":"World Kidney Day. World Kidney Day 2024\u2013Kidney Health for All","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e064540","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-064540","article-title":"Secular trends of epidemiologic patterns of chronic kidney disease over three decades: an updated analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad269","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of CKD in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2019","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13656","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40939-3","article-title":"Sex difference and risk factors in burden of urogenital congenital anomalies from 1990 to 2019","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-022-01527-2","article-title":"The spectrum and changes of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Chinese children","volume":"36","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.07.024","article-title":"Inpatient pediatric CKD health care utilization and mortality in the United States","volume":"77","author":"Modi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2231626","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.31626","article-title":"The prevalence and clinical significance of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in preterm infants","volume":"5","author":"Hays","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-2098-0","article-title":"Ultrasound mass screening for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract","volume":"27","author":"Caiulo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2005.02.003","article-title":"Prenatal detection of congenital renal malformations by fetal ultrasonographic examination: an analysis of 709,030 births in 12 European countries","volume":"48","author":"Wiesel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Med Genet"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2659","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002659","article-title":"Incidence and risks of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in newborns: a population-based case\u2013control study in Taiwan","volume":"95","author":"Tain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309784","article-title":"The outcome of antenatal ultrasound diagnosed anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in a large Danish birth cohort","volume":"101","author":"Liv","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-019-0635-9","article-title":"Prevalence, types, and malformations in congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in newborns: a retrospective hospital-based study","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-001-0265-4","article-title":"Malformations in newborn: results based on 30940 infants and fetuses from the Mainz congenital birth defect monitoring system (1990\u20131998)","volume":"266","author":"Quei\u00dfer-Luft","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S31","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20778","article-title":"Paper 4: EUROCAT statistical monitoring: identification and investigation of ten year trends of congenital anomalies in Europe","volume":"91","author":"Loane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.86.4.257","article-title":"Prevalence and secular trend of congenital anomalies in Glasgow, UK","volume":"86","author":"Dastgiri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7796.127021","article-title":"Antenatal diagnosis, prevalence and outcome of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Bondagji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urol Ann"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0120","article-title":"Antenatal hydronephrosis as a predictor of postnatal outcome: a meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.4103\/UA.UA_147_19","article-title":"Detection of renal anomalies using antenatal and postnatal ultrasound: the consanguinity factor","volume":"14","author":"Alsaywid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urol Ann"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-022-00563-8","article-title":"Definition, diagnosis and management of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction: consensus of the ERKNet CAKUT-Obstructive Uropathy Work Group","volume":"19","author":"Capone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0269632","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269632","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease causes and outcomes in children: perspective from a LMIC setting","volume":"17","author":"Amanullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-1702-6","article-title":"Access to CKD care in rural communities of India: a qualitative study exploring the barriers and potential facilitators","volume":"21","author":"Jafar","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4103\/jmms.jmms_74_20","article-title":"A snapshot of children with congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract at three tertiary care centers of the armed forces","volume":"22","author":"Kalra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mar Med Soc"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3502","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_381_20","article-title":"Assessment of the services of ASHA workers on antenatal and postnatal care in a district of western Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"9","author":"Chaurasiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib36","volume-title":"National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-21: India","author":"International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.169705","article-title":"Routine prenatal ultrasound anomaly screening program in a Nigerian university hospital: redefining obstetrics practice in a developing African country","volume":"56","author":"Akinmoladun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Niger Med J"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-200X.2003.01780.x","article-title":"Ultrasound screening for renal and urinary tract anomalies in healthy infants","volume":"45","author":"Tsuchiya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05145-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of pediatric chronic kidney disease\/kidney failure: learning from registries and cohort studies","volume":"37","author":"Harada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e195","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(20)30075-9","article-title":"The burden of disease in Saudi Arabia 1990-2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"4","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03310412","article-title":"Timing and outcome of renal replacement therapy in patients with congenital malformations of the kidney and urinary tract","volume":"8","author":"W\u00fchl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e156","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1850-4429","article-title":"Severe fetal CAKUT (congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract), prenatal consultations, and initiation of neonatal dialysis","volume":"41","author":"Sanderson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03262-7","article-title":"Screening for renal and urinary tract anomalies in asymptomatic first degree relatives of children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT)","volume":"87","author":"Manoharan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1608176","article-title":"Exploration of postnatal integrated management for prenatal renal and urinary tract anomalies in China","volume":"34","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05493-6","article-title":"Association of insurance status with chronic kidney disease stage at diagnosis in children","volume":"37","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0130077","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130077","article-title":"Scaling up family planning to reduce maternal and child mortality: the potential costs and benefits of modern contraceptive use in South Africa","volume":"10","author":"Chola","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3093","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0172","article-title":"Making family planning accessible in resource-poor settings","volume":"364","author":"Prata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phil Trans R Soc B"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3079","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15419","article-title":"Pediatric deceased donor kidney transplant outcomes under the Kidney Allocation System","volume":"19","author":"Jackson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14369","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14369","article-title":"The kidney allocation system and pediatric transplantation at 5\u2009years","volume":"26","author":"Engen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib50","article-title":"Kidney allocation system\u2014OPTN","author":"OPTN","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0003302021","article-title":"Global perspective on kidney transplantation: China","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney360"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12288","article-title":"Disparities in policies, practices and rates of pediatric kidney transplantation in Europe","volume":"13","author":"Harambat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05576-4","article-title":"The term CAKUT has outlived its usefulness: the case for the prosecution","volume":"37","author":"Woolf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmn018","article-title":"Prevalence and diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies in women with reproductive failure: a critical appraisal","volume":"14","author":"Saravelos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2025030420324748500_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.02.006","article-title":"Current knowledge about the management of congenital cervical malformations: A literature review","volume":"113","author":"Mikos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfae115\/58515659\/gfae115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/3\/484\/58515659\/gfae115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/3\/484\/58515659\/gfae115.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T21:37:23Z","timestamp":1741124243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/40\/3\/484\/7680602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfae115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]}}}