{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T20:42:20Z","timestamp":1791751340106,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_PC_17\u2009164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_PC_17\u2009164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program","award":["75N91019D00024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N91019D00024"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/S020845\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/S020845\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/T019980\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/T019980\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) high-risk variants are major determinants of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people of African ancestry. Previous studies have identified epigenetic changes in relation to kidney function and CKD, but not in individuals with APOL1 high-risk genotypes. We conducted an epigenome-wide analysis of CKD and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in in people of African ancestry and APOL1 high-risk genotypes with HIV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DNA methylation profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 119 individuals with APOL1 high-risk genotypes (mean age 48 years, 49% female, median CD4 count 515 cells\/mm3, 90% HIV-1 RNA &amp;lt;200 copies\/mL, 23% with CKD) were obtained by Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Differential methylation analysis of CKD considered technical and biological covariates. We also assessed associations with eGFR. Replication was pursued in three independent multi-ancestry cohorts with and without HIV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DNA methylation levels at 14 regions were associated with CKD. The strongest signals were located in SCARB1, DNAJC5B and C4orf50. Seven of the 14 signals also associated with eGFR, and most showed evidence for a genetic basis. Four signals (in SCARB1, FRMD4A, CSRNP1 and RAB38) replicated in other cohorts, and 11 previously reported epigenetic signals for kidney function or CKD replicated in our cohort. We found no significant DNA methylation signals in, or near, the APOL1 promoter region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report several novel as well as previously reported epigenetic associations with CKD and eGFR in individuals with HIV having APOL1 high-risk genotypes. Further investigation of pathways linking DNA methylation to APOL1 nephropathies is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfae237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T02:19:28Z","timestamp":1729822768000},"page":"997-1006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Epigenetic associations with kidney disease in individuals of African ancestry with <i>APOL1<\/i> high-risk genotypes and HIV"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4117-6921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel K Y","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College Hospital Department of HIV and Sexual Health, , London ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"King's College London Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, , London 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London SE5 9RS ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan V","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University Department of Epidemiology, , Atlanta, GA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System , Decatur, GA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8409-4689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent C","family":"Marconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System , Decatur, GA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University Department of Global Health, , Atlanta, GA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Emory University , Atlanta, GA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8309-094X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Teumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) , Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"University Medicine Greifswald Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, , Greifswald ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, , Bialystok ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl A","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Reseach Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research and the Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD 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