{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:19:53Z","timestamp":1780568393698,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UC Irvine Division of Nephrology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Rodent models are widely used to study uremic CVD pathophysiology. We compared cardiac function parameters in male and female animals from two established mouse CKD models and examined associations between gut-derived uremic toxins and echocardiogram findings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male and female adult C57Bl\/6J mice were randomly assigned to control, adenine-induced CKD and 5\/6 nephrectomy CKD groups. Echocardiography was performed on all mice at age 17\u00a0weeks (5\u00a0weeks after CKD induction). Serum creatinine, cystatin C and gut-derived uremic toxins were analyzed at study termination, and RNA sequencing of left ventricle tissue was performed and analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Markers of kidney dysfunction were elevated in both CKD models. The gut-derived uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate was increased in both CKD models, while trimethylamine N-oxide was increased in adenine CKD mice and p-cresyl sulfate in nephrectomy animals. Left ventricular volume was increased in nephrectomy animals. Cardiac output was decreased in male CKD animals from both models compared with controls, and ejection fraction was decreased in male 5\/6 nephrectomy mice. Female controls had lower stroke volume and cardiac output than male counterparts, and female CKD animals had preserved cardiac output and ejection fraction when compared with female controls. The gut-derived uremic toxins trimethylamine N-oxide and indoxyl sulfate correlated with decreased cardiac output in male animals. Transcriptomics of cardiac tissue revealed sex-based variations in matrix metalloproteinase and mitochondrial pathways associated with cardiac dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our work highlights sex differences in cardiac function and serum chemistries in two established preclinical CKD models. Gut-derived uremic toxins may impact cardiorenal pathophysiology and low cardiac output in male CKD animals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T05:43:49Z","timestamp":1742708629000},"page":"1865-1875","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sex-specific cardiac dysfunction in mice with chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yitong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, , Riverside, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy M","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Department of Biological Chemistry, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro M","family":"Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Department of Biological Chemistry, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8026-4759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Seldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Department of Biological Chemistry, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3118-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei Ling","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-Irvine Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0158765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765","article-title":"lobal prevalence of chronic kidney disease\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000102971.85504.7c","article-title":"Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention","volume":"42","author":"Sarnak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2012.12.011","article-title":"Clinical detection, risk factors, and cardiovascular consequences of medial arterial calcification: a pattern of vascular injury associated with aberrant mineral metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Lau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20171107","article-title":"Altered microbiome in chronic kidney disease: systemic effects of gut-derived uremic toxins","volume":"132","author":"Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12811216","article-title":"Endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular function in advanced chronic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Kopel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.52","article-title":"The systemic nature of CKD","volume":"13","author":"Zoccali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddmod.2010.08.002","article-title":"Models of chronic kidney disease","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today Dis Models"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58393-w","article-title":"5\/6 nephrectomy induces different renal, cardiac and vascular consequences in 129\/sv and C57BL\/6JRj mice","volume":"10","author":"Hamzaoui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2013.05.006","article-title":"Adenine-induced chronic kidney and cardiovascular damage in rats","volume":"68","author":"Diwan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2336128","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2024.2336128","article-title":"Adenine-induced animal model of chronic kidney disease: current applications and future perspectives","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-019-00698-8","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease increases cerebral microbleeds in mouse and man","volume":"11","author":"Lau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13180","article-title":"Adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in rats","volume":"23","author":"Diwan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005022","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005022","article-title":"Indoxyl sulfate: a novel cardiovascular risk factor in chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Hung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10090352","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity of uremic toxins: a driver of cardiorenal syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001852","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.001852","article-title":"p-Cresyl sulfate aggravates cardiac dysfunction associated with chronic kidney disease by enhancing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751380","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.751380","article-title":"Attenuation of circulating trimethylamine N-oxide prevents the progression of cardiac and renal dysfunction in a rat model of chronic cardiorenal syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Zou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470942390.mo100130","article-title":"Echocardiography in mice","volume":"1","author":"Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Mouse Biol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.76.5.907","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass and systolic function in mice","volume":"76","author":"Gardin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H733","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00339.2017","article-title":"Guidelines for measuring cardiac physiology in mice","volume":"314","author":"Lindsey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.030","article-title":"Type V collagen in scar tissue regulates the size of scar after heart injury","volume":"182","author":"Yokota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1659071","article-title":"A new murine model of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder","volume":"2017","author":"Frauscher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0164778","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164778","article-title":"Aortic and cardiac structure and function using high-resolution echocardiography and optical coherence tomography in a mouse model of marfan syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3753","article-title":"LC-MS\/MS method for simultaneous determination of serum p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis","volume":"30","author":"Shu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.10.009","article-title":"Simultaneous quantitative analysis of uremic toxins by LC-MS\/MS with a reversed-phase\/cation-exchange\/anion-exchange tri-modal mixed-mode column","volume":"1068-1069","author":"Kanemitsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09922","article-title":"Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease","volume":"472","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0132-x","article-title":"Systems genetics applications in metabolism research","volume":"1","author":"Seldin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9091147","article-title":"Long term response to circulating angiogenic cells, unstimulated or atherosclerotic pre-conditioned, in critical limb ischemic mice","volume":"9","author":"Beltr\u00e1n-Camacho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107305","article-title":"Unravelling the impact of RNA methylation genetic and epigenetic machinery in the treatment of cardiomyopathy","volume":"207","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.1.96-104.2004","article-title":"Essential role for ADAM19 in cardiovascular morphogenesis","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-008-0066-9","article-title":"Hsp70 and cardiac surgery: molecular chaperone and inflammatory regulator with compartmentalized effects","volume":"14","author":"de Jong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2023.111803","article-title":"A novel role for YPEL2 in mediating endothelial cellular senescence via the p53\/p21 pathway","volume":"211","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.110.958371","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) genetic variants associated with coronary and peripheral vascular disease but not with stroke risk in the Heart Protection Study","volume":"4","author":"Hopewell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20190228","article-title":"The role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in cardiac oxidative stress","volume":"47","author":"Diviani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.201616","article-title":"CLUH couples mitochondrial distribution to the energetic and metabolic status","volume":"130","author":"Wakim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002767","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002767","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes vascular inflammation through signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-\u03baB","volume":"5","author":"Seldin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.011","article-title":"Gut microbial metabolite TMAO enhances platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis risk","volume":"165","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006347","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006347","article-title":"Trimethylamine-N-oxide induces vascular inflammation by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome through the SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS signaling pathway","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2015.191","article-title":"The gut microbiome, diet, and links to cardiometabolic and chronic disorders","volume":"12","author":"Aron-Wisnewsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.07.013","article-title":"Murine models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a \u201cfishing expedition\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Valero-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Basic Trans Sci"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp574","article-title":"Does indoxyl sulfate, a uraemic toxin, have direct effects on cardiac fibroblasts and myocytes?","volume":"31","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41281","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041281","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease-induced cardiac fibrosis is ameliorated by reducing circulating levels of a non-dialysable uremic toxin, indoxyl sulfate","volume":"7","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.278457","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome: the emerging role of protein-bound uremic toxins","volume":"111","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752393","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.752393","article-title":"Sex differences in fecal microbiota correlation with physiological and biochemical indices associated with end-stage renal disease caused by immunoglobulin a nephropathy or diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentrations before and after cardiac rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarction patients","volume":"21","author":"Baranyi","year":"2022","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690517","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.690517","article-title":"Uraemic cardiomyopathy in different mouse models","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.10.025","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of murine models of uremic cardiomyopathy","volume":"101","author":"Soppert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib48","first-page":"479","article-title":"Gender-related differences in kidney of rats with chronic renal failure","volume":"29","author":"Lemos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3109\/08860220903134563","article-title":"Estrogen protects against oxidative multiorgan damage in rats with chronic renal failure","volume":"31","author":"Kasimay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-017-0152-8","article-title":"The protective role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in cardiovascular disease and the controversial use of estrogen therapy","volume":"8","author":"Iorga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-023-01016-y","article-title":"Musashi-2 causes cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction through destabilizing Cluh and Smyd1 mRNA","volume":"118","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101482","article-title":"Sex differences in inflammation, redox biology, mitochondria and autoimmunity","volume":"31","author":"Di Florio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib53","first-page":"135","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the involvement of estrogen hormones in its pathogenesis and progression","volume":"50","author":"Gluhovschi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rom J Intern Med"},{"key":"2025092904572526000_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306532","article-title":"RhoA\/rho-kinase in the cardiovascular system","volume":"118","author":"Shimokawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf056\/62521621\/gfaf056.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/10\/1865\/62521621\/gfaf056.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/10\/1865\/62521621\/gfaf056.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T08:57:33Z","timestamp":1759136253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/40\/10\/1865\/8090183"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf056","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]}}}