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Inflammation, oxidative stress and maladaptive repair are key factors in AKI's progression to CKD. AKI episodes may hasten CKD progression, influenced by demographics, comorbidities and treatment factors like blood pressure control. This underscores the need for careful management to prevent long-term damage. Prospective cohort studies addressing confounding factors are essential to understanding AKI's impact on CKD. These studies should use precise definitions and measurements to clarify causal pathways and risk factors. Investigating asymptomatic AKI in the general population and CKD patients could offer insights into progression mechanisms and prevention strategies. Understanding the interplay of AKI and CKD is crucial for developing interventions and improving outcomes, making it a scientific and public health priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T07:36:51Z","timestamp":1747035411000},"page":"1650-1658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Acute kidney injury, acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease: challenges and research perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6616-1996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Zoccali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Research Institute , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics (Biogem) , Ariano Irpino ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Associazione Ipertensione Nefrologia Trapianto Renal (IPNET), c\/o Nefrologia, , Reggio Calabria ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Lameire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Section , Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Ronco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV) , Vicenza ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital Department of Nephrology, , Vicenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Nephrology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislas","family":"Faguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies R\u00e9nales Rares - 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