{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:06:58Z","timestamp":1779199618089,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-IA-COH-2012\/3731"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-IA-COH-2012\/3731"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007543","name":"ANSM","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is acknowledged that men and women differ with regard to pharmacological responses and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and there is some evidence to suggest that ADR rates are higher in women. However, this topic has not been extensively explored in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objectives of the present study of a cohort of patients with CKD were to describe the types of drug prescriptions by sex and to examine potential differences between men and women in the incidence of ADRs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The French Chronic Kidney Disease-Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) is a prospective cohort study including 3011 nephrology outpatients with confirmed CKD (eGFR &amp;lt;60\u00a0ml\/min\/1.73 m\u00b2) and available data on drug prescriptions. Standard descriptive analyses were conducted to characterize drug prescriptions by gender through follow-up. ADRs were prospectively identified through hospitalization records, medical records, and patient interviews and adjudicated by expert pharmacologists using validated tools. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the association between sex and ADRs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 3011 included patients, 1038 (34%) were women and 1973 (66%) were men. Compared with men at baseline, women were younger [median (interquartile range) age 69 (62\u201377) years vs 67 (58\u201376), respectively], and had a lower eGFR (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0standard deviation, 33.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.9\u00a0vs 34.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013.2\u00a0ml\/min\/1.73 m\u00b2). Men and women presented some differences with regard to the types of drug prescribed. Women were more often prescribed drugs for acid-related disorders, anemia, thyroid disorders, analgesics, and psychoactive drugs. Conversely, they were less often prescribed cardiovascular drugs and oral antidiabetics. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up period of 5.0 (3.6\u20135.2) years, 964 patients experienced a first ADR [incidence rates (95%CI): 10.8 (9.6\u201311.9) per 100 person-years (PY) in women and 9.7 (9.0\u201310.5) in men]. The most frequent ADRs were gastrointestinal disorders in women (n\u00a0=\u00a059(17%)) and renal and urinary disorders in men [n\u00a0=\u00a0134 (22%)]. The likelihood of a first ADR was higher in women than in men [adjusted HR (95%CI): 1.17 (1.02;1.34)]. However, the likelihood of a serious ADR did not differ by sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with CKD, significant differences between men and women were observed in drug prescriptions and ADR risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T07:57:20Z","timestamp":1751529440000},"page":"2379-2389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Male and female drug prescription patterns and adverse drug reactions in chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sol\u00e8ne M","family":"Laville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MP3CV Laboratory, Jules Verne University of Picardie , Amiens ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Amiens-Picardie University Medical Center Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, , Amiens ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agathe","family":"Mouheb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MP3CV Laboratory, Jules Verne University of Picardie , Amiens ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Amiens-Picardie University Medical Center Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, , Amiens ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5771-5996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziad A","family":"Massy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM UMRS 1018, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint Quentin , Villejuif ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel dans la r\u00e9gion parisienne (AURA) , Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Ambroise Par\u00e9 University Medical Center, APHP Department of Nephrology, , Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Jacquelinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM UMRS 1018, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint Quentin , Villejuif ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Biomedecine Agency, La plaine Saint Denis ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurice","family":"Laville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon , CarMeN INSERM 1060, Lyon ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Stengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM UMRS 1018, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint Quentin , Villejuif ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0438-6487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Alencar de Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM UMRS 1018, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint Quentin , Villejuif ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5384-9006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Liabeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MP3CV Laboratory, Jules Verne University of Picardie , Amiens ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Amiens-Picardie University Medical Center Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, , Amiens ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the CKD-REIN study collaborators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia Alencar","family":"de Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doroth\u00e9e","family":"Cannet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Combe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Fouque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Frimat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aghil\u00e8s","family":"Hamroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves-Edouard","family":"Herpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Jacquelinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oriane","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurice","family":"Laville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Liabeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziad A","family":"Massy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Morel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Pascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Pecoits-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joost","family":"Schantsra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Stengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Hannedouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Moulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Combe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J P","family":"Bourdenx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Delclaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Vendrely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Deroure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Lacraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Lobbedez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Landru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Massy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Belenfant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Thervet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Urena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Delahousse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Essig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Cl\u00e9ment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Sekhri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Smati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Hacq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Panescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Bellou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Frimat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Kamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"No\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Glowacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Maisonneuve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Hourmant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Besnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Choukroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Lambrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Burtey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Lebrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Magnant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Laville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Fouque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Juillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Chazot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Zaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Kuentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022","volume":"12","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00519-5","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease","volume":"398","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184852","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.4852","article-title":"Comparison of the complexity of patients seen by different medical subspecialists in a universal health care system","volume":"1","author":"Tonelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0085-2538(24)00110-8","article-title":"KDIGO 2024 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease","volume":"105","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01030120","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions in patients with CKD","volume":"15","author":"Laville","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.09.012","article-title":"Kidney function decline and serious adverse drug reactions in patients with CKD","volume":"83","author":"Laville","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2006.11.001","article-title":"Gender differences in drug responses","volume":"55","author":"Franconi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453","article-title":"Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"44","author":"Gandhi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-56","article-title":"Inclusion of women in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"Berlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e228224","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.8224","article-title":"Sex differences in reported adverse drug reactions to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Bots","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.10.001","article-title":"Reported adverse drug reactions in women and men: aggregated evidence from globally collected individual case reports during half a century","volume":"17","author":"Watson","year":"2019","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.11.009","article-title":"Considering sex-specific adverse drug reactions should be a priority in pharmacovigilance and pharmacoepidemiological studies","volume":"17","author":"Lapeyre-Mestre","year":"2019","journal-title":"EClinMedi"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft388","article-title":"The French Chronic Kidney Disease-Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Stengel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy058","article-title":"Risk profile, quality of life and care of patients with moderate and advanced CKD: the French CKD-REIN Cohort Study","volume":"34","author":"Stengel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib15","first-page":"839","article-title":"[Evaluation of patient compliance among hypertensive patients treated by specialists]","volume":"94","author":"Girerd","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0529","article-title":"Conversion of urine protein\u2013creatinine ratio or urine dipstick protein to urine albumin\u2013creatinine ratio for use in chronic kidney disease screening and prognosis","volume":"173","author":"Sumida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib18","volume-title":"Guidelines for ATC Classification and DDD Assignment 2016","author":"World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Oslo","edition":"20th Edn"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi198","article-title":"The renal epidemiology and information network (REIN): a new registry for end-stage renal disease in France","volume":"21","author":"Couchoud","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02799-9","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions: definitions, diagnosis, and management","volume":"356","author":"Edwards","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib21","article-title":"Safety of medicines: a guide to detecting and reporting adverse drug reactions\u202f: why health professionals need to take action","author":"World Health Organization, Quality Assurance and Safety of Medicines Team","year":"2002"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib22","first-page":"111","article-title":"Imputation of the unexpected or toxic effects of drugs. Actualization of the method used in France","volume":"40","author":"B\u00e9gaud","year":"1985","journal-title":"Therapie"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2515\/therapie\/2013016","article-title":"Updating the French method for the causality assessment of adverse drug reactions","volume":"68","author":"Arimone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Therapies"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2016.02.009","article-title":"Imputabilit\u00e9 en pharmacovigilance: de la m\u00e9thode fran\u00e7aise originelle aux m\u00e9thodes r\u00e9actualis\u00e9es","volume":"71","author":"Miremont-Salam\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Th\u00e9rapie"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1981.154","article-title":"A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions","volume":"30","author":"Naranjo","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03","article-title":"mice: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib27","author":"R Core Team.","journal-title":"R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac240","article-title":"Prevalence of anaemia in adults with chronic kidney disease in a representative sample of the United States population: analysis of the 1999\u20132018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"16","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-06-508325","article-title":"A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010","volume":"123","author":"Kassebaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.04.028","article-title":"Addressing the global burden of cardiovascular disease in women: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"83","author":"Vervoort","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30263-2","article-title":"Why is depression more common among women than among men?","volume":"4","author":"Kuehner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatr"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006","article-title":"Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness","volume":"45","author":"McLean","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.04.002","article-title":"Sex differences in osteoarthritis prevalence, pain perception, physical function and therapeutics","volume":"32","author":"Segal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(05)70596-4","article-title":"Thyroid disease in women","volume":"82","author":"Mulder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.12.025","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in heart failure: pathophysiology, risk factors, management, and outcomes","volume":"37","author":"Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2022.04.002","article-title":"The Canadian Women's Heart Health Alliance Atlas on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women\u2014Chapter 6: sex- and gender-specific diagnosis and treatment","volume":"4","author":"Parry","year":"2022","journal-title":"CJC Open"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab104","article-title":"Long term prognostic impact of sex-specific longitudinal changes in blood pressure. The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study","volume":"29","author":"Pana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2032","article-title":"Therapeutic implications of the gender-specific aspects of cardiovascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1159\/000087920","article-title":"Kidney transplantation and gender disparity","volume":"25","author":"Jindal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V11122351","article-title":"Late initiation of dialysis among women and ethnic minorities in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Kausz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60739-3","article-title":"The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"377","author":"Baigent","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.31","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for lipid management in CKD: summary of recommendation statements and clinical approach to the patient","volume":"85","author":"Wanner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2022030373","article-title":"Sex differences in the recognition, monitoring, and management of CKD in health care: an observational cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Swartling","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2024.04.013","article-title":"Sex and the risk of atheromatous and nonatheromatous cardiovascular disease in CKD: findings from the CKD-REIN cohort study","volume":"84","author":"Faucon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.05.014","article-title":"Let's talk about sex: differences in drug therapy in males and females","volume":"175","author":"Madla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000530988","article-title":"Documented adverse drug reactions and discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in chronic kidney disease","volume":"54","author":"Gregg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025112604015947900_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz277","article-title":"Kidney function and symptom development over time in elderly patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: results of the EQUAL cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Janmaat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"}],"container-title":["Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf125\/63668769\/gfaf125.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/12\/2379\/63668769\/gfaf125.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article-pdf\/40\/12\/2379\/63668769\/gfaf125.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T09:02:05Z","timestamp":1764147725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/40\/12\/2379\/8185938"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf125","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-0509","1460-2385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-0509","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]}}}