{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:52:13Z","timestamp":1790614333507,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2022CR07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7252135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7252135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82570843"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82570843"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) is a rare renal disorder for which prospective controlled treatment evidence is limited. Clone-directed therapies targeting plasma cells or B cells are increasingly used, but comparative prospective data are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center, open-label, pilot RCT aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of plasma cell-targeted therapy (bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone, BCD) versus B-cell-targeted therapy (rituximab, RTX). Twenty eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either six cycles of BCD or 4 weekly doses of RTX at 375\u00a0mg\/m\u00b2. In patients with B-cell reconstitution &amp;gt;5\/\u03bcl, a 500\u00a0mg RTX booster dose was administered at 6 months according to the prespecified protocol. The primary efficacy endpoint was overall renal response at 12 months. Changes in proteinuria, serum albumin and estimated glomerular filtration rate were also assessed at 6 and 12 months as secondary outcomes. Safety outcomes included infections and hematologic toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline characteristics were generally comparable between groups. The median age was 57 years, and mean proteinuria 4.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.1\u00a0g\/d. In the primary intention-to-treat analysis (n\u00a0=\u00a020), the primary outcome of overall renal response at 12 months was observed in 60% (6\/10) of patients in the BCD group and 70% (7\/10) in the RTX group (P\u00a0=\u00a01.0). Treatment failure occurred in two patients in the BCD group and none in the RTX group. At 6 months, complete response occurred in five patients in the BCD group and three patients in the RTX group. Both groups showed reductions in proteinuria and improvements in serum albumin over 12 months. A transient decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate was observed in the BCD group at 6 months and recovered by 12 months. Safety profiles were manageable, with one serious adverse event, pneumonia, in the BCD group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both BCD and RTX were associated with renal responses in this exploratory pilot trial of PGNMID. Given the small sample size, open-label design, and differences in treatment exposure structure, these findings are hypothesis-generating. Larger multicenter studies with longer follow-up are needed to define optimal therapy for PGNMID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfag146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:21:21Z","timestamp":1782127281000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone versus rituximab in PGNMID"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Renal Pathology Center, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, 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Medicine, Peking University First Hospital , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Renal Pathology Center, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Renal Pathology Center, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University , Beijing ,","place":["PR China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of 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