{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:21:46Z","timestamp":1791868906410,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Hypokalaemia with alkalosis can suggest excess aldosterone. Aldosterone stimulates the collecting duct mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) to upregulate the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and stimulate electrogenic sodium reabsorption, with secretion of potassium and protons. Gitelman, Bartter and Liddle syndrome, and liquorice ingestion all cause hypokalaemic alkalosis. This mini-review outlines the pathophysiology of these conditions as well as how to differentiate them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]],"date-time":"2018-06-27T19:26:03Z","timestamp":1530127563000},"page":"38-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Liquorice, Liddle, Bartter or Gitelman\u2014how to differentiate?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, University College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J","family":"Unwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, University College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, University College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022112212124694000_gfy199-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0196-24","article-title":"Gitelman\u2019s variant of Barter\u2019s syndrome, inherited hypokalaemic alkalosis,\n            is caused by mutations in the thiazide-sensitive Na\u2013Cl cotransporter","volume":"12","author":"Simon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2022112212124694000_gfy199-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.12.748","article-title":"Chondrocalcinosis and Gitelman\u2019s syndrome. 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