{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:51:22Z","timestamp":1791089482661,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008746","name":"National Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2110352-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2110352-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008746","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This multinational study was conducted to report clinical presentations and treatment strategies in patients with intracranial germinomas across selected Asian centers, including failure patterns, risk factors, and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective data collection and analysis of these patients, treated between 1995 and 2015 from eight healthcare institutions across four countries was undertaken.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From the results, 418 patients were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 8.9 years; 79.9% of the patients were M0, and 87.6% had \u03b2-human chorionic gonadotropin values &amp;lt;50 mIU\/mL. The 5\/10-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 97.2%\/96.2% and 89.9%\/86.9%, respectively. RFS was predicted by the radiotherapy (RT) field, with focal RT having the worst outcome, whereas chemotherapy usage had no impact on survival. Among patients who received chemotherapy, response to chemotherapy did not predict survival outcomes. In M0 patients, primary basal ganglia tumors predicted a worse RFS. In patients with bifocal tumors, an extended field RT was associated with better outcomes. In multivariable analysis, only RT fields were associated with RFS. In relapsed patients, salvage rates were high at 85.7%. Additionally, patients who received salvage RT had a better outcome (91.6% vs. 66.7%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Survival outcomes of patients with germinoma were excellent. Thus, the focus of treatment for intracranial germinoma should be on survivorship. Further studies are warranted to find the optimal intensity and volume of radiation, including the role of chemotherapy in the survival of patients with intracranial germinomas, considering age, primary tumor location, and extent of disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T12:09:46Z","timestamp":1639829386000},"page":"1389-1399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Outcomes of intracranial germinoma\u2014A retrospective multinational Asian study on effect of clinical presentation and differential treatment strategies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6376-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung-Nam","family":"Koh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru Xin","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre , Singapore , Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, Research Institute, National Cancer Center , Goyang , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Woo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwa Kyung","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong In","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuhl Joo","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , 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University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Do","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Joon","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen Shen","family":"Looi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre , Singapore , Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon Yin Yee","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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