{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:17:01Z","timestamp":1791335821110,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004897","name":"European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Validation of the 2016 RANO MRI scorecard for leptomeningeal metastasis failed for multiple reasons. Accordingly, this joint EORTC Brain Tumor Group and RANO effort sought to prospectively validate a revised MRI scorecard for response assessment in leptomeningeal metastasis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Coded paired cerebrospinal MRI of 20 patients with leptomeningeal metastases from solid cancers at baseline and follow-up after treatment and instructions for assessment were provided via the EORTC imaging platform. The Kappa coefficient was used to evaluate the interobserver pairwise agreement.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-five raters participated, including 9 neuroradiologists, 17 neurologists, 4 radiation oncologists, 3 neurosurgeons, and 2 medical oncologists. Among single leptomeningeal metastases-related imaging findings at baseline, the best median concordance was noted for hydrocephalus (Kappa = 0.63), and the worst median concordance for spinal linear enhancing disease (Kappa = 0.46). The median concordance of raters for the overall response assessment was moderate (Kappa = 0.44). Notably, the interobserver agreement for the presence of parenchymal brain metastases at baseline was fair (Kappa = 0.29) and virtually absent for their response to treatment. 394 of 700 ratings (20 patients x 35 raters, 56%) were fully completed. In 308 of 394 fully completed ratings (78%), the overall response assessment perfectly matched the summary interpretation of the single ratings as proposed in the scorecard instructions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study confirms the principle utility of the new scorecard, but also indicates the need for training of MRI assessment with a dedicated reviewer panel in clinical trials. Electronic case report forms with \u201cblocking options\u201d may be required to enforce completeness and quality of scoring.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T12:14:03Z","timestamp":1644581643000},"page":"1726-1735","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Prospective validation of a new imaging scorecard to assess leptomeningeal metastasis: A joint EORTC BTG and RANO effort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9408-3278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Le Rhun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Lille , France"},{"name":"Neuro-Oncology, Neurosurgery Department , CHU Lille , France"},{"name":"Neurology, Medical Oncology Department, Oscar Lambret Center , Lille , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Devos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Lille , Lille , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Winklhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafida","family":"Lmalem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EORTC Headquarters , Brussels , Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7998-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieta","family":"Brandsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuro-Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute\u2013Antoni van Leeuwenhoek , Amsterdam , the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5923-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priya","family":"Kumthekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of The Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Castellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , 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