{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:07:11Z","timestamp":1793326031973,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000654","name":"Marie Curie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCCC-FCO-17-C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCCC-FCO-17-C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000654","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"COBra Study funded by The Brain Tumour Charity","award":["GN-000704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GN-000704"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Core Outcome Sets (COS) define minimum outcomes to be measured and reported in clinical effectiveness trials for a particular health condition\/health area. Despite recognition as critical to clinical research design for other health areas, none have been developed for neuro-oncology. COS development projects should carefully consider: scope (how the COS should be used), stakeholders involved in development (including patients as both research partners and participants), and consensus methodologies used (typically a Delphi survey and consensus meeting), as well as dissemination plans. Developing COS for neuro-oncology is potentially challenging due to extensive tumor subclassification (including molecular stratification), different symptoms related to anatomical tumor location, and variation in treatment options. Development of a COS specific to tumor subtype, in a specific location, for a particular intervention may be too narrow and would be unlikely to be used. Equally, a COS that is applicable across a wider area of neuro-oncology may be too broad and therefore lack specificity. This review describes why and how a COS may be developed, and discusses challenges for their development, specific to neuro-oncology. The COS under development are briefly described, including: adult glioma, incidental\/untreated meningioma, meningioma requiring intervention, and adverse events from surgical intervention for pediatric brain tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T20:11:22Z","timestamp":1647029482000},"page":"1048-1055","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Opportunities and challenges for the development of \u201ccore outcome sets\u201d in neuro-oncology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7727-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher P","family":"Millward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems, Molecular, & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust , Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terri S","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Barrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew R","family":"Brodbelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems, Molecular, & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust , Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Bulbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brainstrust\u2014The Brain Cancer People, Cowes , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Care , Cardiff and Vale UHB, Cardiff , UK"},{"name":"Marie Curie Research Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9157-9895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Dirven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center , The Hague , the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrol","family":"Gamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul L","family":"Grundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman I","family":"Islim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems, Molecular, & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust , Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Javadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumirat M","family":"Keshwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems, Molecular, & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust , Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandhya T","family":"Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery. Alder Hey Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust , Liverpool , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5509-0547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conor L","family":"Mallucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery. 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