{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:44:03Z","timestamp":1791816243015,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31900692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31900692"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32070961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32070961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020CFB678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020CFB678"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023AFB135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AFB135"]}]},{"name":"Wuhan Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2021022002023426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021022002023426"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022M711253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M711253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are the root cause of relapse and treatment resistance in glioblastoma (GBM). In GSCs, hypoxia in the microenvironment is known to facilitate the maintenance of stem cells, and evolutionally conserved autophagy regulates cell homeostasis to control cell population. The precise involvement of autophagy regulation in hypoxic conditions in maintaining the stemness of GSCs remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association of autophagy regulation and hypoxia was first assessed by in silico analysis and validation in vitro. Glioma databases and clinical specimens were used to determine galectin-8 (Gal-8) expression in GSCs and human GBMs, and the regulation and function of Gal-8 in stemness maintenance were evaluated by genetic manipulation in vitro and in vivo. How autophagy was stimulated by Gal-8 under hypoxia was systematically investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypoxia enhances autophagy in GSCs to facilitate self-renewal, and Gal-8 in the galectin family is specifically involved and expressed in GSCs within the hypoxic niche. Gal-8 is highly expressed in GBM and predicts poor survival in patients. Suppression of Gal-8 prevents tumor growth and prolongs survival in mouse models of GBM. Gal-8 binds to the Ragulator-Rag complex at the lysosome membrane and inactivates mTORC1, leading to the nuclear translocation of downstream TFEB and initiation of autophagic lysosomal biogenesis. Consequently, the survival and proliferative activity of GSCs are maintained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings reveal a novel Gal-8-mTOR-TFEB axis induced by hypoxia in the maintenance of GSC stemness via autophagy reinforcement, highlighting Gal-8 as a candidate for GSCs-targeted GBM therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T06:39:50Z","timestamp":1703831990000},"page":"872-888","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Hypoxia-induced galectin-8 maintains stemness in glioma stem cells via autophagy regulation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suojun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanzhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2024050310201974100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21613","article-title":"Management of glioblastoma: state of the art and future directions","volume":"70","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024050310201974100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaa106","article-title":"Glioblastoma in adults: a Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) and European Society of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) consensus review on current 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