{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T16:07:16Z","timestamp":1789229236258,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Avery Huffman DIPG Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018101","name":"McKenna Claire Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018101","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Fund Guild of Seattle Children\u2019s, Team Cozzi Foundation"},{"name":"Unravel Pediatric Cancer"},{"name":"DIPG\/DMG Research Funding Alliance"},{"name":"Connie Foundation"},{"name":"Yuvaan Tiwari Foundation"},{"name":"Cancer Dream Team Translational Cancer Research Grants","award":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006535","name":"Entertainment Industry Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006535","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000043","name":"American Association for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37CA289981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37CA289981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High-grade central nervous system (CNS) tumors carry a poor prognosis with limited curative options if first-line therapy fails. B7-H3 is expressed in many of these tumors, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an emerging immunotherapeutic strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BrainChild-03 (NCT04185038) is a single-center, dose-escalation phase 1 study of repeated intracerebroventricular (ICV) B7-H3 CAR T cells in children and young adults with recurrent\/refractory CNS tumors (Arms A and B) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (Arm C). Here, we report results from Arm B, in which patients with refractory\/relapsed CNS tumors or pre- or post-progression non-pontine diffuse midline glioma (DMG) received repeated ICV infusions. Primary objectives were feasibility and safety\/tolerability; secondary objectives included CAR T cell detection, disease response, and survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 36 enrolled patients (atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor n\u2009=\u20095, DMG n\u2009=\u20098, embryonal tumor with multilayer rosettes n\u2009=\u20092, ependymoma n\u2009=\u20094, high-grade glioma n\u2009=\u20096, medulloblastoma n\u2009=\u20098, pineoblastoma n\u2009=\u20093), manufacturing was successful for 35 patients, 26 of whom received therapy. Median age was 10 years (range 1-26). Dose escalation from 1\u2009\u00d7\u2009107 to 10\u2009\u00d7\u2009107 CAR T cells\/dose identified this dose as the maximally tolerated dose regimen, with no dose-limiting toxicities observed. Across 181 total doses (median 7\/patient), common adverse events included headache (n\u2009=\u200926), fever (n\u2009=\u200915), and nausea (n\u2009=\u200914). Median survival from first infusion was 11.5 months, ranging from 3.2 months (pineoblastoma, high-grade glioma) to 21.4 months (ependymoma); 2 patients achieved a partial response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Repeated ICV B7-H3 CAR T cell dosing is feasible and tolerable across a spectrum of pediatric CNS tumors, supporting continued investigation in future trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noag171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T11:36:11Z","timestamp":1784979371000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intracerebroventricular B7-H3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells for non-pontine diffuse midline glioma and recurrent\/refractory pediatric CNS tumors: A phase 1 trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3961-3042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ronsley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8948-7262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Rohlf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy","family":"Seidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0834-4003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5044-5532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Beebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3733-0014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie D","family":"Rawlings-Rhea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Lindgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8442-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany","family":"Sad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2362-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin E","family":"Crotty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0225-6184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E S","family":"Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6009-6246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy R","family":"Beckstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L","family":"Holtzclaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrine","family":"Hoeppner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Hurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7827-4241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"MacQuivey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5466-2913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah E","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital & Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2376-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel R","family":"Browd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital & Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2035-9876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason S","family":"Hauptman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital & Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital Department of Neurosurgery, , Phoenix, Arizona,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital & Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7580-8934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey G","family":"Ojemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital & Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Norcliffe Foundation Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6676-8253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason N","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine M","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8775-6710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navin","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado , Denver, Colorado,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0735-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua A","family":"Gustafson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"On","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4403-0925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sowmya","family":"Pattabhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne","family":"Summers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3473-0947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen","family":"Annesley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason N","family":"Wendler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5679-1989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane","family":"Gust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norcliffe Foundation Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1532-3200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6777-9165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie R","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7477-3063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael C","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3966-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas A","family":"Vitanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Therapeutics , Seattle, Washington,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox149","article-title":"Diffuse high-grade gliomas with H3 K27M mutations carry a dismal prognosis independent of tumor location","volume":"20","author":"Karremann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-024-04605-6","article-title":"Prognostic factors analysis of diffuse midline glioma","volume":"167","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01273-0","article-title":"Medulloblastoma in the modern era: review of contemporary trials, molecular advances, and updates in management","volume":"19","author":"Lazow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2024.09.031","article-title":"Pediatric central nervous system embryonal tumors: presentation, diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and survivorship: a review","volume":"161","author":"Ronsley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1213-4","article-title":"Relapse patterns in pediatric embryonal central nervous system tumors","volume":"115","author":"Perreault","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3322","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-02-769208","article-title":"Intent-to-treat leukemia remission by CD19 CAR T cells of defined formulation and dose in children and young adults","volume":"129","author":"Gardner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08171-9","article-title":"Intravenous and intracranial GD2-CAR T cells for H3K27M(+) diffuse midline gliomas","volume":"637","author":"Monje","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-024-10208-4","article-title":"CAR T cell therapy for pediatric central nervous system tumors: a review of the literature and current North American trials","volume":"43","author":"Ronsley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03451-3","article-title":"Intracerebroventricular B7-H3-targeting CAR T cells for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a phase 1 trial","volume":"31","author":"Vitanza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01404-8","article-title":"Locoregional infusion of HER2-specific CAR T cells in children and young adults with recurrent or refractory CNS tumors: an interim analysis","volume":"27","author":"Vitanza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaf064","article-title":"Locoregional infusion of EGFR806-CAR T cells for recurrent or refractory pediatric CNS tumors: results of the completed BrainChild02 phase 1 clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Gust","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2008.03070.x","article-title":"Small round blue cell tumours: diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of the expression of B7-H3 surface molecule","volume":"53","author":"Gregorio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-012-1021-2","article-title":"B7-H3, a potential therapeutic target, is expressed in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"111","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy145","article-title":"Characterization of the immune microenvironment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: implications for development of immunotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Lieberman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-22-0750","article-title":"Intraventricular B7-H3 CAR T cells for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: preliminary first-in-human \u00adbioactivity and safety","volume":"13","author":"Vitanza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-337360","article-title":"A transgene-encoded cell surface polypeptide for selection, in vivo tracking, and ablation of engineered cells","volume":"118","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-0330","article-title":"Receptor affinity and extracellular domain modifications affect tumor recognition by ROR1-specific chimeric antigen receptor T cells","volume":"19","author":"Hudecek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2018.12.009","article-title":"Engineering and design of chimeric antigen receptors","volume":"12","author":"Guedan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1253656","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2016.1253656","article-title":"Fine-tuning the CAR spacer improves T-cell potency","volume":"5","author":"Watanabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e534","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00088-1","article-title":"Immunotherapy response assessment in neuro-oncology: a report of the RANO working group","volume":"16","author":"Okada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02276-w","article-title":"Tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity","volume":"29","author":"Mahdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/10935266211018931","article-title":"Medulloblastoma: WHO 2021 and beyond","volume":"25","author":"Cotter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610497","article-title":"Regression of glioblastoma after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy","volume":"375","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00505-7","article-title":"Administration of B7-H3 targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T cells induce regression of glioblastoma","volume":"6","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2022.100870","article-title":"Locoregional CAR T cells for children with CNS tumors: clinical procedure and catheter safety","volume":"36","author":"Vitanza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02276-w","article-title":"Tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity","volume":"29","author":"Mahdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B27","first-page":"105","article-title":"Tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma receiving B7-H3-targeting CAR T cells on brainchild-03","volume":"13","author":"Ronsley","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurooncol Pract"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02875-1","article-title":"Locoregional delivery of IL-13R\u03b12-targeting CAR-T cells in recurrent high-grade glioma: a phase\u00a01 trial","volume":"30","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.Cd-24-1465","article-title":"Evolving CAR T-Cell therapy to overcome the barriers in treating pediatric central nervous system tumors","volume":"15","author":"Timpanaro","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.23.02229","article-title":"STRIvE-02: a first-in-human phase I study of systemically administered B7-H3 chimeric antigen receptor T cells for patients with relapsed\/refractory solid tumors","volume":"42","author":"Pinto","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa0984","article-title":"A single dose of peripherally infused EGFRvIII-directed CAR T cells mediates antigen loss and induces adaptive resistance in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"9","author":"O\u2019Rourke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2026091211370471000_noag171-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04489-4","article-title":"GD2-CAR T cell therapy for H3K27M-mutated diffuse midline gliomas","volume":"603","author":"Majzner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Neuro-Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/neuro-oncology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/neuonc\/noag171\/70143901\/noag171.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/neuro-oncology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/neuonc\/noag171\/70143901\/noag171.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T15:37:14Z","timestamp":1789227434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/neuro-oncology\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/neuonc\/noag171\/8742152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuonc\/noag171","relation":{},"ISSN":["1522-8517","1523-5866"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1522-8517","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-5866","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"article-number":"noag171"}}