{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:57:14Z","timestamp":1786125434477,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over 90 000 people are expected to be diagnosed with melanoma in the United States this year. The development of brain metastases is particularly difficult to manage. Over the past few years, melanoma patients with multiple unresectable brain metastases for which stereotactic surgery might also not be a viable option have fortunately experienced a dramatic expansion in available management options given improvements made to targeted agents, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is a long-standing radiation technique that has become increasingly sophisticated. In this review, we summarize retrospective and prospective studies on individual advances in targeted agents, immunotherapy, and WBRT, highlighting important variables such as overall survival, intracranial progression-free survival, control and response rates, and toxicities. We also discuss the recent integration of these therapies into a multimodality approach, which has shown promise in the clinical setting although toxicities have not been insignificant. Finally, we describe ongoing prospective trials relevant to melanoma with brain metastases, and we conclude with our own thoughts on the optimal approach for these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyaa076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T15:16:11Z","timestamp":1582816571000},"page":"498-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changing Therapeutic Landscape for Melanoma With Multiple Brain Metastases"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G","family":"Wallington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Anker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda L","family":"Yushak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragini R","family":"Kudchadkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Tarhini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad K","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bib1-20231011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197808)42:2<660::AID-CNCR2820420237>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Malignant melanoma and central nervous system metastases. 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