{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:14:22Z","timestamp":1792858462064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three-dimensional (3D) printing has revolutionized training, education, and device testing. Understanding the design and physical properties of 3D-printed models is important.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review the design, physical properties, accuracy, and experimental outcomes of 3D-printed vascular models used in neurointervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review of the literature between January 1, 2000 and September 30, 2018. Public\/Publisher MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Compendex, Cochrane, and Inspec databases were searched using Medical Subject Heading terms for design and physical attributes of 3D-printed models for neurointervention. Information on design and physical properties like compliance, lubricity, flow system, accuracy, and outcome measures were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 23 articles were included. Nine studies described 3D-printed models for stroke intervention. Tango Plus (Stratasys) was the most common material used to develop these models. Four studies described a population-representative geometry model. All other studies reported patient-specific vascular geometry. Eight studies reported complete reconstruction of the circle of Willis, anterior, and posterior circulation. Four studies reported a model with extracranial vasculature. One prototype study reported compliance and lubricity. Reported circulation systems included manual flushing, programmable pistons, peristaltic, and pulsatile pumps. Outcomes included thrombolysis in cerebral infarction, post-thrombectomy flow restoration, surgical performance, and qualitative feedback.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Variations exist in the material, design, and extent of reconstruction of vasculature of 3D-printed models. There is a need for objective characterization of 3D-printed vascular models. We propose the development of population representative 3D-printed models for skill improvement or device testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyaa134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T07:22:59Z","timestamp":1585725779000},"page":"E445-E453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Design and Physical Properties of 3-Dimensional Printed Models Used for Neurointervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Waqas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Mokin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaims","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunal","family":"Vakharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New 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University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"},{"name":"Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liza C","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth V","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason M","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New 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