{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T03:30:19Z","timestamp":1790307019720,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/ mailto:journals.permissions@oup.com"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising therapy for neuropsychiatric illnesses, including depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder, but has shown inconsistent results in prior clinical trials. We propose a shift away from the empirical paradigm for developing new DBS applications, traditionally based on testing brain targets with conventional stimulation paradigms. Instead, we propose a multimodal approach centered on an individualized intracranial investigation adapted from the epilepsy monitoring experience, which integrates comprehensive behavioral assessment, such as the Research Domain Criteria proposed by the National Institutes of Mental Health. In this paradigm-shifting approach, we combine readouts obtained from neurophysiology, behavioral assessments, and self-report during broad exploration of stimulation parameters and behavioral tasks to inform the selection of ideal DBS parameters. Such an approach not only provides a foundational understanding of dysfunctional circuits underlying symptom domains in neuropsychiatric conditions but also aims to identify generalizable principles that can ultimately enable individualization and optimization of therapy without intracranial monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T07:20:59Z","timestamp":1615447259000},"page":"E116-E121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["A Novel Framework for Network-Targeted Neuropsychiatric Deep Brain Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0830-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anusha","family":"Allawala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly R","family":"Bijanki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey F","family":"Cohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwin","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Yoshor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Borton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs, Providence VA Medical Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0426-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nader","family":"Pouratian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer 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