{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:10:30Z","timestamp":1793171430285,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Sedating antispastic medications and focal therapies like botulinum toxin are the most common therapies for spasticity but are temporary and must be performed continuously for a principally static neurological insult. Alternatively, highly selective partial neurectomies (HSPNs) may reduce focal spasticity more permanently.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n To quantify the change in spasticity after HSPN and assess patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with upper- and\/or lower-extremity spasticity treated with HSPN from 2014 to 2018. Only cases with a modified Ashworth scale (MAS) score independently determined by a physical therapist were included. Pre- and postoperative MAS, complications, and patient satisfaction were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n The 38 patients identified (24 male, 14 female; mean age 49 yr) underwent a total of 88 procedures for focal spasticity (73% upper extremity, 27% lower extremity). MAS scores were adjusted to a 6-point scale for evaluation. The mean preoperative and final postoperative follow-up adjusted MAS scores were 3.6 and 1.7, respectively (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001), which represents average MAS less than 1+. Positive, neutral, and worse results were described by 91%, 6%, and 3% of patients, respectively. Four patients requested revision surgery. No perioperative complications were encountered.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n This is the first North American series to analyze HSPN for spasticity and the only series based on independent evaluation results. HSPN surgery demonstrated objective short- and long-term reduction in spasticity with minimal morbidity and excellent patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T15:33:14Z","timestamp":1626795194000},"page":"827-835","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Highly Selective Partial Neurectomies for Spasticity: A Single-Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9777-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A","family":"Mahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilyas","family":"Eli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Forrest","family":"Hamrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussam","family":"Abou-Al-Shaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Shingleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Tucker Balun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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