{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T06:44:52Z","timestamp":1794552292987,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,22]],"date-time":"2018-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) across its full spectrum of severity is a psychiatric illness affecting \u223c2% to 3% of the general population and results in significant functional impairment. There are few large patient series regarding Gamma ventral capsulotomy (GVC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate clinical outcomes of severe medically refractory OCD treated with GVC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Forty patients with pre-GVC Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores\u00a0\u2265\u00a024 (indicating severe OCD) were included. GVC was performed with 1 or 2 isocenters with a median maximum dose of 135 Gy (range, 120-180 Gy). Patients were deemed \u201cresponders\u201d to GVC if there was\u00a0\u226535% reduction of follow-up Y-BOCS scores, and considered in remission if their Y-BOCS scores were\u00a0\u226416. The median follow-up was 36 mo (range, 6-96 mo).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median pre-SRS Y-BOCS score was 35 (range, 24-40). Eighteen patients (45%) were considered \u201cresponders,\u201d and 16 (40%) of them were in remission at their last follow-up. Nineteen patients (47.5%) remained stable with Y-BOCS of 33 (range, 26-36) following GVC, whereas 3 patients (7.5%) experienced worsening in Y-BOCS scores. Patients treated with 2 isocenters were more likely to have improvement in Y-BOCS score at 3 and 5 yr (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0005). Ten patients (25%) experienced post-GVC mood disturbance and neurological complications in 3 patients (7.5%). One patient developed radiation necrosis with edema that improved with steroids.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GVC serves as a reasonable treatment strategy for severe medical refractory OCD. Patients treated with 2 isocenters were more likely to have substantial improvement in OCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T23:15:01Z","timestamp":1539299701000},"page":"808-816","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["An International Radiosurgery Research Foundation Multicenter Retrospective Study of Gamma Ventral Capsulotomy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7713-6649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitabh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Shepard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanmoy","family":"Maiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Martinez-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Ruber International Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health System, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Iorio-Morin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche du CHUS Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Martinez-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Ruber International Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gene","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche du CHUS Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Borghei-Razavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kondziolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health System, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health System, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason P","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, 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