{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:40:54Z","timestamp":1788997254074,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A complicated mild traumatic brain injury (C-mTBI) is an mTBI with some form of intracranial abnormality identified radiographically. The lack of knowledge in recovery patterns and no clear guidelines on return to activity in children with C-mTBI provide unique challenges to physicians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine recovery patterns among three cohorts: mTBI, mTBI with skull fracture only (mTBI-SF), and C-mTBI via a cross-sectional survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caregivers of children with mTBI (from hospital database queries 2010\u20132013) were mailed a questionnaire on preinjury health, postinjury recovery, and activity patterns before and after injury. We examined degree (0-10 with 10 being complete recovery) and length (in months) of recovery in children with mTBI, and associations of potential risk factors to these variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 1777 surveyed, a total of 285 complete responses were analyzed for this study. Data included 175 (61.4%) children with mTBI, 33 (11.6%) children with mTBI-SF, and 77 (27.0%) children with C-mTBI. Older age and C-mTBI (vs mTBI) were significantly associated with a lower degree and longer period of recovery (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Predicted probabilities of complete recovery for children with mTBI, those with mTBI-SF, and those with C-mTBI were 65.5%, 52.7%, and 40.0%, respectively. Predicted probabilities of not yet completely recovered after more than a year since injury for these groups were 11.3%, 24.4%, and 37.6%, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results demonstrate significant differences in children with different forms of mTBI, and argue for further investigation of treatment plans individualized for each form of mTBI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T00:15:47Z","timestamp":1553818547000},"page":"E842-E850","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Factors Associated With Degree and Length of Recovery in Children With Mild and Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"James E","family":"Gardner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7829-0595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Teramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colby","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1-20231012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199009000-00014","article-title":"Mild head injury classification","volume":"27","author":"Williams","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2-20231012","first-page":"86","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury committee of the head injury interdisciplinary special interest group of the american congress of rehabilitation medicine. 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