{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:53:33Z","timestamp":1786125213435,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg.","NEUROS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Myelomeningocele (MM) is the most common congenital anomaly to affect the nervous system and affects 1500-2000 newborn infants per year in the United States. It is accompanied by symptomatic hydrocephalus in approximately 70%-80% of patients. Different treatment strategies for hydrocephalus characteristically result in different effects on the size of the ventricles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this systematic review was to determine whether persistent ventricular enlargement adversely impacts neurocognitive development in patients with MM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PubMed National Library of Medicine Medline database and Embase were queried using MeSH headings and keywords relevant to neurocognitive or intellectual development and ventricular size or morphology. Abstracts were reviewed by the authors to identify which studies met strict inclusion criteria. An evidence table was constructed that summarized the included studies and reflected the quality of evidence (Classes I\u2013III) that each represented. A recommendation was made that is based on the quality of the evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An initial abstract review utilizing strict inclusion\/exclusion criteria yielded 48 studies, 9 of which underwent full-text review. There is limited and conflicting Class III evidence from 2 studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Currently, there is insufficient data to conclude that ventricular size and morphology impact neurocognitive development.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The full guideline can be found at https:\/\/www.cns.org\/guidelines\/guidelines-spina-bifida-chapter-5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T15:10:03Z","timestamp":1562598603000},"page":"E414-E416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on the Management of Patients With Myelomeningocele: Whether Persistent Ventriculomegaly Adversely Impacts Neurocognitive Development"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey P","family":"Blount","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan R","family":"Durham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Klimo Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmes Murphey, Memphis, Tennesse"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennesse"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadege","family":"Assassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David F","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshirt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra D","family":"Beier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann Marie","family":"Flannery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kids Specialty Center, Women's & Children's Hospital, Lafayette, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"McClung-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Palmetto Health USC Medical Group, Columbia, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios C","family":"Nikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Advocate Children's Hospital, Oak Lawn, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9237-2981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Rehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Schaumburg, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep S","family":"Tamber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachana","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Mercer University Medical School, Macon, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goryeb Children's Hospital, Morristown, New Jersey"},{"name":"Rutgers Department of Neurological Surgery, Newark, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1-20231011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.PEDS11163","article-title":"Costs and benefits of neurosurgical intervention for infant hydrocephalus in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"8","author":"Warf","year":"2011","journal-title":"PED"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2-20231011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3171\/PED\/2008\/1\/5\/361","article-title":"Toward reducing shunt placement rates in patients with 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