{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:15:32Z","timestamp":1780560932727,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":253,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008221","name":"The Cure Starts Now Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008221","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Hope for Caroline Foundation"},{"name":"Julian Boivin Courage for Cures Foundation"},{"name":"Abbie\u2019s Army"},{"name":"Michael Mosier Defeat DIPG Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019369","name":"Brooke Healey Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019369","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010080","name":"Reflections of Grace Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010080","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Cure Starts Now Australia"},{"name":"Soar With Grace Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011187","name":"Jeffrey Thomas Hayden Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006641","name":"Cure Brain Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018551","name":"The Jones Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003156","name":"Musella Foundation for Brain Tumor Research and Information","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Pray"},{"name":"Hope Believe Foundation"},{"name":"Benny\u2019s World"},{"name":"Smiles for Sophie Forever"},{"name":"Aiden\u2019s Avengers"},{"name":"Love Chloe Foundation"},{"name":"A Cure From Caleb Society"},{"name":"Operation Grace White Foundation"},{"name":"Ryan\u2019s Hope, American Childhood Cancer Organization"},{"name":"Juliana Rose Donnelly Trust"},{"name":"Joshua\u2019s Wish"},{"name":"The Ellie Kavalieros DIPG Research Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004196","name":"Voices Against Brain Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Wayland\u2019s Warriors"},{"name":"Sheila Jones & Friends"},{"name":"The DIPG Collaborative"},{"name":"The German Childhood Cancer Foundation"},{"name":"The Styrian Childhood Cancer Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our aim is to investigate the association of treatment with survival in patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) by examining 6 historical treatment paths.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed data from 409 patients with radiologically centrally reviewed DIPG, sourced from the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology HIT-HGG trial database and the SIOPE-DIPG\/DMG Registry. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method, and univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were estimated to study treatment effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median overall survival (OS) from diagnosis was 11.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.5\u201311.9). Patients who by choice received no frontline treatment had an OS of 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.0\u20134.0), while those treated with radiation therapy (RT) alone had a median OS of 10.4 months (95% CI, 9.1\u201311.8). Those receiving RT combined with chemotherapy had the longest median OS of 11.7 months (95% CI, 10.8\u201312.6). The median post-progression survival (PPS) was 4.1 months (95% CI, 3.5\u20134.7). Patients who relapsed and did not receive treatment had a PPS of 2.2 months (95% CI, 1.8\u20132.6), while those treated with chemotherapy alone had a PPS of 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.7\u20135.0), and those who underwent reirradiation, with or without chemotherapy, had the longest survival after relapse of 6.6 months (95% CI, 5.3\u20138.0). Treatment differences remained significant in multivariable analysis adjusted for age and symptom duration in both diagnosis and relapse setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study shows increased survival outcomes associated with radiation and chemotherapy treatment or a combination thereof, at diagnosis and relapse, in a historical DIPG cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdae155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T19:48:37Z","timestamp":1725911317000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Treatment-related survival patterns in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma using a historical cohort: A report from the European Society for Pediatric Oncology DIPG\/DMG Registry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7281-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua N","family":"Baugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Veldhuijzen van Zanten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Fiocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Mathematical Institute, Leiden University , Leiden ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niclas","family":"Colditz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert O","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Tumor Diseases, with DKFZ Heidelberg, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Dresden and Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden\u2013Rossendorf , Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden , Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren","family":"Hargrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Wiese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 O","family":"von Bueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Geneva , Geneva ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Karremann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Perwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz , Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunther","family":"Nussbaumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz , Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Benesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz , Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, & Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Hopp Children\u2019s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ) , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit H","family":"Gielen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mechthild","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy,\u00a0Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden\u2013Rossendorf , Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"National Center for Tumor Diseases, with DKFZ Heidelberg, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Dresden and Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden\u2013Rossendorf , Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Eyrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg , W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelco W","family":"Hoving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Utrecht University Medical Center\/Wilhelmina Children\u2019s Hospital , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Bison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg , Augsburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dannis G","family":"van Vuurden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christof M","family":"Kramm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00263825","article-title":"Management of pediatric pontine gliomas","volume":"7","author":"Langmoen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst."},{"issue":"593192","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Canadian pediatric neuro-oncology standards of practice","volume":"10","author":"Bennett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-019-03287-9","article-title":"Diagnostics and treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: where do we stand","volume":"145","author":"El-Khouly","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurooncol."},{"issue":"19","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.75.9308","article-title":"Clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and molecular characteristics of long-term survivors of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG): a collaborative report from the International and European Society for Pediatric Oncology DIPG Registries","volume":"36","author":"Hoffman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2003.12.008","article-title":"Time-dependent bias was common in survival analyses published in leading clinical journals","volume":"57","author":"van Walraven","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024112210515066800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1983.1.11.710","article-title":"Analysis of survival by tumor 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