{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1787500602960,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":120,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive central nervous system malignancy with poor prognosis. Tumor-treating fields (TTFields), approved in China in May 2020, represents a significant advancement in GBM treatment. Leveraging the extensive real-world data accumulated in the Chinese Medical Information and Big Data Association (CHMIA) database, this study aims to assess clinical outcomes of Chinese patients with glioblastoma on TTFields therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This ambispective, observational study assessed post-marketing safety (data cut-off: November 15, 2021) and effectiveness (data cut-off: May 18, 2024) of TTFields in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (ndGBM) and recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). Safety outcomes included incidence and severity of skin adverse events (AEs); effectiveness was measured by overall survival (OS) and landmark OS rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 648 patients screened for this study, 315 were eligible and enrolled for analysis (ndGBM: n\u2009=\u2009210; rGBM: n\u2009=\u2009105). In the ndGBM cohort, the median OS was 19.9 months (95% CI: 13.4-24.8), with a 12-month OS rate of 63.5% (95% CI: 54.8-71.0). In the rGBM cohort, the median OS was 8.1 months (95% CI: 5.3-9.8), and 3-month and 6-month OS rates were 80.2% (95% CI: 70.4-87.1) and 58.7% (95% CI: 47.0-68.7), respectively. Most treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs), including skin TEAEs, were mild to moderate (Grade 1-2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provided the largest real-world dataset to-date on TTFields in Chinese patients with glioblastoma. These patients showed survival outcomes similar to those in prior pivotal studies, without new safety concerns identified, supporting its use in Chinese glioblastoma population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T11:28:14Z","timestamp":1777289294000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An ambispective, observational real-world study of tumor-treating fields for treatment of Chinese patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent\/progressive glioblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Guanzhang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing, (G.L., X.Q., W.Z., T.J.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6806-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing, (G.L., X.Q., W.Z., T.J.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7800-3189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing, (G.L., X.Q., W.Z., T.J.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , Jinan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinsong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital , Nanjing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7314-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital , Nanjing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongping","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital , Nanjing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital , Nanjing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanglong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, (G.H., S.Q.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7600-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songtao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, (G.H., S.Q.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7175-4649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4489-9217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University , Chongqing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University , Chongqing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6045-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonggao","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Development, Oncology, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmei","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Development, Oncology, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioStatistics, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijun","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioStatistics, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd , Shanghai,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing,","place":["China"]},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing, (G.L., X.Q., W.Z., T.J.)","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac202","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other Central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2015-2019","volume":"24","author":"Ostrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B2","first-page":"100715","article-title":"National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC) statistical report of primary brain tumours diagnosed in China in years 2019\u20132020","volume":"34","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-020-03451-6","article-title":"Trends in glioblastoma: outcomes over time and type of intervention: a systematic evidence based analysis","volume":"147","author":"Marenco-Hillembrand","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6733","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126733","article-title":"Recurrent glioblastoma-molecular underpinnings and evolving treatment paradigms","volume":"25","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36421","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000036421","article-title":"Efficacy of tumour-treating fields therapy in recurrent glioblastoma: a narrative review of current evidence","volume":"102","author":"Olatunji","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jncc.2024.01.006","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2022","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Cent"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1103-9","article-title":"Management and survival rates in patients with glioma in China (2004-2010): a retrospective study from a single-institution","volume":"113","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2022.2017283","article-title":"Tumor treating fields: a comprehensive overview of the underlying molecular mechanism","volume":"22","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.04.011","article-title":"NovoTTF-100A versus physician\u2019s choice chemotherapy in recurrent glioblastoma: a randomised phase III trial of a novel treatment modality","volume":"48","author":"Stupp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2014.09.010","article-title":"Clinical practice experience with NovoTTF-100A\u2122 system for glioblastoma: the patient registry dataset (PRiDe)","volume":"41","author":"Mrugala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.18718","article-title":"Effect of tumor-treating fields plus maintenance temozolomide vs maintenance temozolomide alone on survival in patients with glioblastoma: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"318","author":"Stupp","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B12","first-page":"757","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for the management of gliomas (2022 edition)","volume":"38","author":"National Health Commission Department of Medical Administration CA-CABGPC, Chinese Medical Doctor Association Brain Glioma Professional Committee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhong Hua Shen Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-024-04682-7","article-title":"Global post\u2011marketing safety surveillance of tumor treating fields (TTFields) therapy in over 25,000 patients with CNS malignancies treated between 2011-2022","volume":"169","author":"Mrugala","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B14","author":"Novocure","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-023-04348-w","article-title":"Association of tumor treating fields (TTFields) therapy with survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"164","author":"Ballo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7350","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.7350","article-title":"Tumor treating fields for newly diagnosed high-grade glioma based on the criteria of 2021 WHO CNS5: a retrospective analysis of Chinese patients in a single center","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345190","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1345190","article-title":"Tumor treating fields in glioblastoma: long-term treatment and high compliance as favorable prognostic \u00adfactors","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042888","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1042888","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of tumor-treating fields therapy for glioblastoma: a single-center study in a Chinese cohort","volume":"13","author":"She","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5855","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11195855","article-title":"Tumor treating fields combine with temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a retrospective analysis of Chinese patients in a single center","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-022-00555-5","article-title":"Tumor treating fields (TTFields) therapy vs physicians\u2019 choice standard-of-care treatment in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a post-approval registry study (EF-19)","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Discov Oncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2014.09.008","article-title":"Post hoc analyses of intention-to-treat population in phase III comparison of NovoTTF-100A system versus best physician\u2019s choice chemotherapy","volume":"41","author":"Kanner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2217\/cns-2016-0049","article-title":"Tumor-treating fields plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for glioblastoma at first recurrence: a post hoc analysis of the EF-14 trial","volume":"6","author":"Kesari","year":"2017","journal-title":"CNS Oncol"},{"key":"2026052712020296700_vdag110-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01045","article-title":"Prevention and management of dermatologic adverse events associated with tumor treating fields in patients with glioblastoma","volume":"10","author":"Lacouture","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"}],"container-title":["Neuro-Oncology Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/noa\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag110\/68198841\/vdag110.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/noa\/article-pdf\/8\/1\/vdag110\/68198841\/vdag110.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/noa\/article-pdf\/8\/1\/vdag110\/68198841\/vdag110.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T16:02:08Z","timestamp":1779897728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/noa\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag110\/8666141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag110","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-2498"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-2498","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"article-number":"vdag110"}}