{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T22:37:40Z","timestamp":1786747060984,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":217,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the radiological response to procarbazine and CCNU (chloroethyl-cyclohexyl-nitrosourea) (PC) polychemotherapy in patients with oligodendroglioma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective single-center cohort study, patients with Central Nervous System World Health Organization (CNS WHO) grade 2 or 3 oligodendroglioma treated with PC between 2003 and 2019 were included. Tumor characteristics were assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and [18F]Fluoroethyltyrosine positron emission tomography ([18F]FET PET) before and after completion of PC. The T1\/T2 ratio was assessed to characterize diffuse versus sharply delineated MRI phenotype. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-six patients with a median follow-up of 118 months were identified. Median absolute T2 tumor volume was 52 cm\u00b3 (range 10-285) prior to PC and 29 cm\u00b3 (range 3-286) after. Median tumor volume decrease was \u221230% (range \u221296% to +113%). In treatment-na\u00efve patients, median tumor volume decrease was \u221241% (range \u221292% to +14%) versus \u22127% (range \u221296% to +113%) in pretreated patients (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). Stratification according to CNS WHO grade (P\u2009=\u2009.89) or contrast enhancement (P\u2009=\u2009.07) did not yield significant differences. The T1\/T2 ratio was lower after PC (0.69 vs 0.50, P\u2009=\u2009.04), and higher T1\/T2 ratios were associated with shorter PFS (P\u2009=\u2009.04) in multivariate analysis. On [18F]FET PET, there was a trend towards lower maximum tumor-to-brain ratios (TBRmax) after PC (P\u2009=\u2009.07).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PC polychemotherapy induces substantial tumor volume reductions in subsets of patients with oligodendroglioma, particularly in treatment-na\u00efve patients. The observations that circumscript oligodendrogliomas may be associated with earlier progression and that PC treatment may induce a shift toward a more diffuse phenotype require prospective validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:45:35Z","timestamp":1785930335000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patterns of radiological response to procarbazine and\u00a0CCNU polychemotherapy in patients with oligodendroglioma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9762-7955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Katzendobler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich , 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