{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T07:48:52Z","timestamp":1776412132347,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Liquid biopsy offers a minimally invasive approach for molecular profiling and disease monitoring, potentially overcoming tissue sampling and neuroimaging limitations. This prospective, single-center study aimed to establish and evaluate the feasibility of a standardized clinical liquid biopsy protocol for GBM, integrating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and microRNA (miRNA) analyses across multiple biological matrices.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Between 2022 and 2024, 26 patients were enrolled, including 14 with histologically confirmed IDH-wildtype GBM, 6 with other intracranial tumors, and 6 with hydrocephalus. Peripheral blood, lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-L), intraoperative sulcal CSF (CSF-S), and tumor tissue were collected when available. ctDNA was analyzed using a targeted amplicon-based sequencing panel, assessing variant allele frequency and fragmentation index. A panel of GBM-associated miRNAs was quantified by RT-qPCR. Tumor, necrotic, and edema volumes were measured by manual segmentation on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and T2-FLAIR MRI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n ctDNA analysis was feasible across all matrices but showed higher rates of suboptimal samples compared with miRNA analysis. Plasma and CSF-L provided comparable ctDNA concentrations, with plasma emerging as the most consistently available matrix. miRNA profiling was robust across matrices, with consistent detectability between CSF-L and CSF-S.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n This study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating multimodal liquid biopsy and volumetric imaging into routine neurosurgical practice for GBM. The proposed workflow provides a reproducible foundation for larger studies aimed at advancing clinical implementation of liquid biopsy strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/nop\/npag034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T11:28:23Z","timestamp":1776166103000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implementing Multimodal Liquid Biopsy in Glioblastoma: A Prospective Feasibility Study of a Standardized Clinical Workflow"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Chiapponi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Neurosurgery, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Cappella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Neurosurgery, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Andreacchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Neurosurgery, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruggero","family":"Antonini\u00b9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Liverotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Neurosurgery, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Carelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of 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Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Filosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Unit, Carlo Urbani Hospital, Jesi (AN) , AST Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Sbriscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Domenico","family":"Procopio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Dobran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche Department of Neurosurgery, , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche,\u00a0Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"container-title":["Neuro-Oncology 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