{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:12:24Z","timestamp":1792141944675,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22288201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22288201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92476207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92476207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22103084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22103084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22003067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22003067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22233003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22233003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22473020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22473020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XDB0970000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB0970000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Quantum resonances exert a crucial impact on chemical reactivity, but experimental evidence has so far been restricted to transition-state or product-channel features. Here we provide the first direct evidence of van der Waals (vdW) resonances in the entrance channel of a neutral molecular reaction. Using fully quantum-state resolved crossed molecular beam scattering, we studied the benchmark F\u00a0+\u00a0H2(v\u00a0=\u00a00, j\u00a0=\u00a01) reaction over collision energies from 4.0 to 26.4\u00a0cm\u22121. A pronounced forward scattering peak of the HF(v\u2032\u00a0=\u00a02) product at 6.8\u00a0cm\u22121 reveals a resonance arising from quasi-bound states trapped in the entrance-channel vdW well, facilitated by centrifugal barriers. This signature is reproduced by quantum dynamical calculations on an open-shell diabatic potential energy surface, revealing partial wave resonances with total angular momentum (J)\u00a0=\u00a06.5\u20137.5 and demonstrating that spin-orbit coupling decisively shifts the energies of these quasi-bound states, shaping both the resonance position and scattering distribution. This combined experimental and theoretical study establishes a general quantum mechanism likely to influence a wide range of elementary reactions at low temperatures, including those relevant to interstellar chemistry and cold controlled systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwag086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:46:44Z","timestamp":1770814004000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Observation of van der Waals resonances in low-energy F\u00a0+\u00a0H2(\n                    <i>v<\/i>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00,\n                    <i>j<\/i>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a01) reaction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Heilong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhirun","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1568-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bina","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory , Hefei 230088 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2033-0990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education , Dalian 116024 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory , Hefei 230088 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong H","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory , Hefei 230088 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory , Hefei 230088 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Chemistry, , Shenzhen 518055 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1021\/ar00051a005","article-title":"Direct observation of the transition state","volume":"28","author":"Polanyi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib2","author":"Liu"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6744","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00041G","article-title":"Dynamical resonances in chemical reactions","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12662","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709974105","article-title":"Probing the resonance potential in the F atom reaction with hydrogen deuteride with spectroscopic accuracy","volume":"105","author":"Ren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185694","article-title":"Transition-state spectroscopy of partial wave resonances in the F + HD reaction","volume":"327","author":"Dong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(71)87003-3","article-title":"Resonances in reactive collisions: computational study of the H + H2 collision","volume":"11","author":"Levine","year":"1971","journal-title":"Chem Phys Lett"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1679760","article-title":"Large quantum effects in the collinear F + H2\u2192FH + H reaction","volume":"58","author":"Schatz","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1063\/1.431390","article-title":"Exact quantum, quasiclassical, and semiclassical reaction probabilities for the collinear F + H2 \u2192 FH + H reaction","volume":"63","author":"Schatz","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.53.226","article-title":"Experimental investigation of resonances in reactive scattering: the F + H2 reaction","volume":"53","author":"Neumark","year":"1984","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.1063\/1.448254","article-title":"Molecular beam studies of the F + H2 reaction","volume":"82","author":"Neumark","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6531","DOI":"10.1063\/1.471373","article-title":"Quantum mechanical angular distributions for the F + H2 reaction","volume":"104","author":"Castillo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6515","DOI":"10.1063\/1.471372","article-title":"An accurate multireference configuration interaction calculation of the potential energy surface for the F + H2\u2192HF + H reaction","volume":"104","author":"Stark","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.85.1206","article-title":"Resonance-mediated chemical reaction: F + HD\u2192HF + D","volume":"85","author":"Skodje","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.1063\/1.481041","article-title":"Observation of a transition state resonance in the integral cross section of the F + HD reaction","volume":"112","author":"Skodje","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1123452","article-title":"Observation of Feshbach resonances in the F + H2 \u2192 HF + H reaction","volume":"311","author":"Qiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4205","article-title":"Quantum interference between spin-orbit split partial waves in the F + HD\u2192HF + D reaction","volume":"371","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246546","article-title":"Dynamical resonances accessible only by reagent vibrational excitation in the F + HD\u2192HF + D reaction","volume":"342","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac6939","article-title":"Spectroscopic observation of resonances in the F + H2 reaction","volume":"349","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.1835","article-title":"The rate of the F + H2 reaction at very low temperatures","volume":"6","author":"Tizniti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-019-0280-3","article-title":"Enhanced reactivity of fluorine with para-hydrogen in cold interstellar clouds by resonance-induced quantum tunnelling","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1247424","article-title":"Imaging dynamics on the F + H2O \u2192 HF + OH potential energy surfaces from wells to barriers","volume":"343","author":"Otto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14097-y","article-title":"Feshbach resonances in the F + H2O\u2192HF + OH reaction","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-022-01100-1","article-title":"Observation of resonances in the transition state region of the F + NH3 reaction using anion photoelectron spectroscopy","volume":"15","author":"Babin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3858","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48202-7","article-title":"Probing the activated complex of the F + NH3 reaction via a dipole-bound state","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.2804","article-title":"Feshbach resonances in the exit channel of the F + H3OH\u2192HF + CH3O reaction observed using transition-state spectroscopy","volume":"9","author":"Weichman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260527","article-title":"Extremely short-lived reaction resonances in Cl + HD (v = 1)\u2192DCl + H due to chemical bond softening","volume":"347","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6090","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.1c01586","article-title":"Feshbach resonances in the vibrationally excited F + HOD(vOH\/vOD = 1) reaction due to chemical bond softening","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys Chem Lett"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad2356","article-title":"Imaging resonances in low-energy NO-He inelastic collisions","volume":"350","author":"Vogels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba3990","article-title":"Imaging the onset of the resonance regime in low-energy NO-He collisions","volume":"368","author":"De Jongh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229141","article-title":"Observation of resonances in penning ionization reactions at sub-Kelvin temperatures in merged beams","volume":"338","author":"Henson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf9888","article-title":"Tomography of Feshbach resonance states","volume":"380","author":"Margulis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7461","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1467328","article-title":"Resonances in the O(3P) + HCl reaction due to van der Waals minima","volume":"116","author":"Xie","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201307822","article-title":"Resonances in the entrance channel of the elementary chemical reaction of fluorine and methane","volume":"53","author":"Westermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(96)00445-9","article-title":"How to observe the elusive resonances in F + H2 reactive scattering","volume":"256","author":"Russell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chem Phys Lett"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8929","DOI":"10.1063\/1.477563","article-title":"van der Waals resonances in cumulative reaction probabilities for the F + H2, D2, and HD reactions","volume":"109","author":"Takayanagi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8002","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CP05425A","article-title":"The F + HD(v = 0, 1; j = 0, 1) reactions: stereodynamical properties of orbiting resonances","volume":"23","author":"S\u00e1ez-R\u00e1banos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Chem Chem Phys"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"073202","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0014046","article-title":"A crossed molecular beam apparatus with multi-channel Rydberg tagging time-of-flight detection","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Sci Instrum"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-4655(00)00167-3","article-title":"ABC: a quantum reactive scattering program","volume":"133","author":"Skouteris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comput Phys Commun"},{"key":"2026050410565855400_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"024303","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4904546","article-title":"An accurate potential energy surface for the F + H2 \u2192 HF + H reaction by the coupled-cluster method","volume":"142","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chem Phys"}],"container-title":["National Science Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nsr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/nsr\/nwag086\/66865289\/nwag086.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nsr\/article-pdf\/13\/8\/nwag086\/66865289\/nwag086.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nsr\/article-pdf\/13\/8\/nwag086\/66865289\/nwag086.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:57:06Z","timestamp":1777906626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nsr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/nsr\/nwag086\/8475378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nsr\/nwag086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-5138","2053-714X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-5138","type":"print"},{"value":"2053-714X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"article-number":"nwag086"}}