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Their conversion to biomolecules under early Earth conditions is critical for understanding origin of life. However, direct formation from these simple compounds remains unverified, leaving the mechanistic role of H2O unresolved. Herein, we demonstrate ribose synthesis from H2O and CO2 under prebiotic conditions via hydrodynamic cavitation, a process naturally occurring in ancient oceans. Ca2+-mediated hydrodynamic cavitation in a Venturi reactor produced ribose as the major sugar product. Ribose was predicted to be formed from formaldehyde and CH2OH\u00b7 radicals generated via a sequential reaction involving OH\u00b7, H\u00b7, and C1\u00b7 radicals derived from H2O and CO2 under high-temperature\/pressure induced by hydrodynamic cavitation, followed by successive CH2OH\u00b7 radical substitutions. These findings indicate that early Earth\u2019s aqueous fluids could enable abiotic biomolecule formation, suggesting flowing H2O acted as both driver and reactant in life\u2019s chemical origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwag182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T12:35:27Z","timestamp":1774096527000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hydrodynamic cavitation for prebiotic ribose formation from H2O and CO2"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 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