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This field has rapidly evolved from the development of simple conductive threads to the creation of sophisticated, multifunctional fiber devices. Significant progress is underpinned by the design of functional fiber materials with exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties for diverse fiber devices, such as batteries, solar cells, light-emitting displays, and neuromorphic computing devices, and these materials can be further woven into everyday fabrics. However, the transition from laboratory demonstrations to real-world applications faces significant interdisciplinary challenges, including reproducible large-scale manufacturing, the creation of robust, washable interconnects, and the establishment of community standards for reliability and qualification. To address these challenges, this review synthesizes recent progress and outlines a forward-looking roadmap. We emphasize the need for convergent research focusing on adaptive materials, fiber-native device architectures, intelligent manufacturing processes, and holistic system-level integrations. Overcoming these hurdles will unlock the full potential of fiber electronics, paving the way for transformative applications in personalized healthcare, human\u2013machine interfaces, and extreme-environment systems, ultimately weaving the textile intelligence seamlessly into the fabric of daily life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwag368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T23:44:40Z","timestamp":1781307880000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Technology roadmap from fiber materials to fiber electronics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Songlin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200438 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