{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:46:48Z","timestamp":1791517608321,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018537","name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZD01901300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZD01901300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["823B2089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["823B2089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012152","name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BX20250185"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20250185"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012152","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The global expansion of dengue virus (DENV) poses a major public health threat, yet its circulation dynamics remain poorly understood. By integrating global genetic, epidemiological, and mobility data within a phylodynamic framework, we show that DENV circulation follows a source-sink model, with tropical endemic regions acting as persistent viral reservoirs (\u2018sources\u2019) that seed epidemics in temperate areas (\u2018sinks\u2019). Most areas at the fringe of endemic transmission exhibit sink-like characteristics with exception of South China. We identify a low-intensity dispersal route from South China to endemic Asia compared with the high-intensity source-to-sink direction, along with occasional DENV1 overwintering events in South China. Together, these findings suggest that South China occupies an intermediate state between endemic and non-endemic areas. These global DENV pathways were primarily driven by air travel and were reshaped by COVID-19 pandemic-related perturbations. Our findings highlight that dengue circulates within a fully interconnected global system that requires a shift from localized control to globally coordinated intervention efforts, as well as emphasize the importance of year-round genomic surveillance at the human-vector interface in fringe areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwag372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T22:56:35Z","timestamp":1781564195000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Global source-sink dynamics of dengue viruses and epidemic establishment in areas on the fringe of endemic transmission"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6753-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 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