{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:57:59Z","timestamp":1790773079627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42494871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42494871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42405038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42405038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF0805101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF0805101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Heavy Rainfall Research Foundation of China","award":["BYKJ2025Q04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BYKJ2025Q04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is a crucial system controlling weather anomalies in East Asia. Early studies defined the WPSH using either thermodynamic or dynamic metrics, but these metrics yield inconsistent trends and coverages in WPSH under anthropogenic warming. Subsequently, consensus on the response of WPSH to climate change has not been reached. Here, we investigate the response of WPSH to past and future climate change by developing a novel WPSH definition based on thermodynamic-dynamic synergy, which provides higher trend consistency of WPSH and better spatiotemporal agreement with weather anomalies. Our results reveal robust increases in WPSH area (0.25\u20131.03\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0105\u00a0km2\/decade) and intensity (0.35\u20131.98\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0105\u00a0km2 gpm\/decade), as well as a northwestward extension of WPSH boundary (\u22120.18 to \u22120.32 \u00b0E\/decade), under a warmer climate, which are consistent across datasets and supported by a strong inter-model consensus. Particularly, climate models project an increased likelihood of record-breaking WPSH events on both seasonal and synoptic scales, with stronger intensity, longer durations, and higher occurrences under higher-emission scenarios. The findings indicate an increasing exposure of human societies to intense monsoon rainfall and heatwave risks associated with WPSH beyond historical records.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwag497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T11:26:15Z","timestamp":1786879575000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anthropogenic climate change is causing stronger and more extreme western Pacific subtropical high"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1534-7002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanxin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration , Chengdu 610213 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences , Beijing 100081 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"China University of Geosciences Department of Atmospheric Science, , Wuhan 430074 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4325-1083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy Cheuk-Hin","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring and Early Warning for Low-Altitude Economy, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuanglin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences Department of Atmospheric Science, , Wuhan 430074 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banglin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring and Early Warning for Low-Altitude Economy, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of High Impact Weather (Special), China Meteorological Administration , Changsha 410073 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